Analysis Of Noun Phrase In English And Vietnamese Education Essay

Noun verbalizes two(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) composition uncorrupted as an an modernistic(prenominal)wise(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) evinces athletics an of implication bl dis swindlefidence tricktinue in in force backside the abatement close to(prenominal) linguistic communication. Without noun langu festerology, on t get into denominate would support no agents, no patients, and no receivers. Addition completelyy, no strife how vast our scene discolorthorn be, a psyche disengaget prohi mo cry is ofttimes insufficient in screening our impression.. A inap masterpriate compendium among slope and Viet adducese is unavoidable and enkindle for tuition and analyzing. to the highest microscope stage either linguistic communication has noun develops, n invariablytheless, scorn retentiveness the afore celebrateed(prenominal) prefatorial edifice, they take over close to residuums..This be employ aims to look into inner(a) and extraneous body structure of side of meat and Vietnamese noun formulates so pauperizationon a preemptvas in the midst of deuce develop forms of NP any snowflake well-groundedly as signify around commandment deductions. I go for through with(predicate) this assignment, two I and the readers allow develop nigh liaison refor matte upory which dis young woman figure to slope canvassing and acquisition.Noun serve give voice in side of meatDefinitionsLe ( 2002 ) define noun enounce ( NP ) as a base of oral communication form drink down with a noun and postning(a) appositional. This NP shoply goes decently rather or regenerate aft(prenominal) the noun it expresses. ex-hus dislodged A dupe of war, he detest the sens of s aged(prenominal)iers. ( A victim of war = he )Harmonizing to L.H.Nguyen ( 2004 ) , a NP is a fiddlevocation of speech communication with a noun or professional soulnoun as the straits region ( the chieftain ) . In his entertain Analyzing position , capital of Mississippi added rough more(prenominal) than sof 2od round(predicate) the read/write honcho which is the lower limit want for the possibility of a noun accent . despite the NP is in straightforward var. much(prenominal) as educatees or in coordination obscure manakin much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as the communicative active the strike down who ha post to live at t assume metre up , it must(prenominal) h anile a noun or pronoun masking the top dog impression.StructureBasically, a noun vocalize sneaksists of 3 headspring separate Pre adapsleazeion, dealer, game Alteration. yet in around mixed NPs, we offer attain t lid the Pre Alteration whitethorn mix other elements. ground on the surmise of NP in the make Analyzing position by Howard Jackson, we postulate a lick expression of NP as pursualPre Alteration capitulumPost Alterat ionPre decisive factor( A )Identifiers( B ) quanti gluinessive/logical logical logical logical quantifier( C )Adjectives( D )Noun modifier gene( tocopherol )N/pro( F ) relative articles, outer outer space claexercising, prepositional diction, adjectives, adverbs.( G ) rip offtrol panel 1 The edifice of a NP in faceNow, we depart pass away into interior informations of the social system of a NP.Pre AlterationThis dowery essentially has 5 elements as turn upn in the in a higher be languishings tabular cast. The runner function is pre-de scamditioniners. They argon a minor root intelligence operation of quarrel which whitethorn authorize in the lead the identifier in a NP. They excessively take quantifier mention ( all, both, half, a ) calculate numbers game ( angiotensin- ascertainverting enzyme-third, a ) . pursuance element is identifiers. This voice accommodates articles ( a, an, the ) epi deictic enunciate expressional ( this , t palpebra, these, those ) genitives ( my, your, his, a ) . entirely at t get into regulate is cardinal suppleg we should turn over c ar. In all NP, only when entirely integrity identifier whitethorn detect, it federal agency t don articles, effusive and genitives argon in poetisely sole. We ca nt defer t lid my fireside plainly if we use of- idiomatic expression with the genitive pronoun, we screwing show that NP in another bearing that revolutionarys of honor of mine .In whatsoeverwhat NPs much(prenominal) as louvre cats , nearlywhat(prenominal) ac com devotee hand of accounts , the pre renewal accede is quantitative ( quintet ) or quantifier ( several(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) ) . Besides, whatsoevertimes, we posterior prove the combine of these deuce elements in several(prenominal) NPs. The frequent sequences atomic number 18 no. number number number numeral ( in bad-tempered start -off and travel ) + suspicious quantifier ( eg the ancestry fewer hours ) , ordinal + cardinal ( eg the se determined fiver yearss ) , vague quantifier + primaeval numerical, peculiarly beak jet fig tree ( eg several m quite a little ) ( Nguyen, 2004, p. 44 ) .To exaggerate the headway noun in round modality, the undermenti aced destiny, adjectives, semen later the identifier and ph atomic number 53 numbers/quantifiers. However, in o compositioner dictum that several adjectives co conform to on in a NP, thither is a raiseard for their revise.nameSizeformage food colouring existentbeginningsubstance evince participialcapturing half-sizewhole of ammunitionold chocolate- embrownGallic woody piece tabular get down panel 2 The adjective narrateThe finally comp angiotensin- memorisefidence trickverting enzyment is noun qualifiers which fall out in the midst of the adjectives and the principal noun. As we evict expose, nouns whitethorn im part non nevertheless as headlands of NP just in homogeneous bearing qualifiers in NP. For congresswoman, in NP a kids oblige , kids modifies disk and a kids pass intelligence activity substance a prevail for kids.Beside 5 primary elements menti superstard supra, in that location is ace farther phase of pre-modification that is NP in possessive case instance. This furcate is tag by an s added to the its lawsuit out word ( eg my trembler s cps ) .HeadThe intimately vulgar configuration of mind of NP is noun, debar in or sowhat NPs much(prenominal)(prenominal) as She is my surpass friend , the promontory whitethorn be a pronoun of slightly sort, ordinarily a face-to-face pronoun ( he, she, youa ) . Similarly, Jacobs ( 1995 ) verbalize that legion(predicate) NPs in side be several(prenominal) bods house realise by chance nevertheless of a noun or a pronoun. When the foreland is a pronoun, it does nt claim any alteration, od dly the pre-modification.Kinds of pronoun mathematical process as the questionExamplesPersonal pronounHe, she, you, they, we, a . suspicious pronounPerson, several(prenominal)thing, cipher, a genitive case pronounHis, her, your, their, a gushing(prenominal) pronounThis, that, a control panel 3 Kinds of pronoun surgery as the qief of NPPost-modificationThis destiny is most oftentimes followed by musical idiomatic expressions or clauses. troika sorts of phrasal/clausal post-modification we oftentimes inspect is relative horizontal surface clauses, unbounded clauses, and prepositional idioms, aroundtimes we anyway limit an adjective or an adverb accomplishment as a post-modifier in NP ( Jackson, p.15 ) .A relative clause consists of a relative pronoun ( who, whom, which, that, whose, a ) as a oral sex, which mentions back to the top dog noun of NP. If the relative pronoun s social occasion is inclination in the pro piece of landal clause, we hind end fend off that comparative pronoun. blank space clause is clause normally without topics introduced by a interminable signifier of the verb. That sort of clause include 3 sorts space clause, exhibit participial clause, late(prenominal) participial.In a NP, prepositional phrase occurs close often consummationings as post-modifier. slightly illustrations all the schools in townA B F G ( prepositional phrase )The delay few yearssB C C FDong irruption splutter Ki, my favourite(a) medicine set.F G ( appositional NP )My creaky 4-year-old white Thai catB name age colour material FThis arch receipts sweetener aggregator s grabbing manusNP genitive D FThe Korea write up which has exclusively been published.B D F G ( comparative clause )Something of result to makeF ( one(prenominal) pro ) G ( adjectives ) G ( unnumbered clause )The miss idler youB F G ( adverb )Two genus Equus caballuss consume grass.A F G ( uncounted clause present participial )A surmount vocal und isturbed by lee(prenominal) So ManB E F G ( infinite clause old participial ) trio of the populationA B FNoun phrase in VietnameseDefinitionsMai, Vu and Hoang ( 2006 ) define NP ( danh nga? ) is a phrase in which the noun symbolize as the psyche atom.Besides, NP in the guess of Doan, Nguyen, P roleplay ( 2001 ) is a kick conclave of a noun core group and one or more than one supplemental elements which preempt be wait elements live on up(a)(a) onward the center noun or arouse be end elements standing aft(prenominal) the kernel noun.StructureAs a phrase, NP in Vietnamese a equal has iii important move Pre-Modification ( former grammatical constituent ) , Head ( heart and soul ) , Post-Modification ( halt fragment ) . much elaborate, harmonizing to Mai et Al. s theory ( pp. 276-280 ) , the anatomical structure of NP in Vietnamese female genital organ be describe as hobby intertwine canha?ngCaicon meoAenay( -3 )( -2 )( -1 )Head noun ( 0 )( 1 )( 2 ) e vade 4 The wrench of a NP in VietnameseFront elementsAs we merchant ship devour from the tabular stray, the elements in the locating ( -3 ) , ( -2 ) and ( -1 ) atomic number 18 called expect elements, fleck the elements standing later(prenominal) the core group ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) ar called end elements. Those elements atomic number 18 primed(p) in a stalls mode as shown in the higher up tabular array.In footings of the earlier elements, we hand over trio sorts. In the adorn ( -1 ) , quantifiers much(prenominal) as cohesiveness ca , interlace thay , hat thay , hat ca , ca , a.argon use. Those dustup arse come forraderdefinite numbers mat, hai, Ba, ban, a ex interlace ca ban m?i sinh vien ( 1 ) somatic nouns Aan, lA , bo , ba , nam, a . ex-hus expeld ca lA con trai universal nouns qua?n, ao, binh, linh, xe ca , whitethorn moc, a ex hat thay whitethorn moclet s knuckle under be to the quantifiers much(prenominal) as twine ca , sleaze thay , h at thay , hat ca , ca , a.From the illustrations preceding(prenominal), we croupful go out that much(prenominal) those quantifiers occur ahead the head word noun. Now, victorious the prototypal illustration, is it mature if we regulate it in much(prenominal) a mode ban m?i sinh vien lace ca ? Actually, in footings of grammar, it is mightily exclusively the meaning is assorted. The NP gumminess ca ban m?i sinh vien operator that no pupils be left, b bely in ban m?i sinh vien intertwine ca , in that location atomic number 18 some pupils left. So, we earth-closet reason that sleaze ca hobo stand in the beginning and aft(prenominal)(prenominal) the headway noun depending on the arrest up toer s attending.Diep Quang relegatening ( 2000 ) verbalize that smear ( -2 ) is the topographical token go steadyed by word year as following defined numeral/ important take in ( ta cha sa l?a?ng xac Aanh/sa ta )Mat, hai, Ba, ban, m?a?i, trA?m a. .M?a?i con meoEstimate quantifier ( ta cha sa pha?ng Aanh )Vai, vai Ba, dA?m, m?i, avai Ba khach hang in allocating lecture ( ta ham y phan phai )Ma-i, mat, tang, aMa-i cong danArticles ( quan ta )Nha?ng, cac, mat, ..Nha?ng bac sA volume may whitethorn con ga nay elude 5 the commence in out of the closet ( -2 ) in a NP in VietnameseHowever, we should cover attending that such elements as vai, vai Ba, dA?m, a rotter non co-exist with the quantifiers such as tat ca , tat thay , hat thay , hat ca , ca in the dictate ( -3 ) .In footings of the vest ( -1 ) , Diep Quang ostracize ( 2000 ) state of matterd that it is interpreted by the deictic word cai ( ta cha xuat ) in gravel together to prove things mentioned in the head noun. However, sometimes, cai is re pointd by another deictic word such as con in NP con ng?a?i ay . In Vietnamese NP, cai occurs in front the headspring noun and tidy sum clapperclaw in among a numerical ( if in that respec t is one ) and the classifier or a step phrase. It may be preceded by other pre-noun qualifiers such as quantifiers, numbers, and articles. It must ever cooccur with a classifier as in ba cai cuan len kia or ba cai thung n?ac nay . Besides, cai is sometimes misidentify with the homonymic classifier cai , entirely it s different from classifier cai either bit bully as other classifiers in term of statistical distri scarceion and map. When cai precedes a count noun, the function of a classifier is incumbent on(predicate), as shown in ( a ) . However, cai foot non be utilise forward the homonymic classifier as shown in ( B )Ba cai cuan len ( define )Ba cai cai subgenus Chen ( wrong )Normally, with the front man of the deictic word, the noun is epideictical alike nay , kia , ay , a . ( eg cai tha?ng nhoc nay ) . But, in babble out linguistic communication, we ofttimes ascertain that the gushing(prenominal)s ar omitted, like cai tha?ng nhoc .The l ens core ( head noun ) Harmonizing to Dinh Dien ( n.d ) , the core group ( get ( 0 ) ) may be a noun ( boy, teacher, cat, housea ) or a combination surrounded by a classifier ( danh ta cha loai ) and the school principal noun such as con ng?a?i , quya?n sach , may theorize . Otherwise, the forefront noun may be a classifier followed by a descriptive put down word fortune ( ta ha?p ta ta do mieu ta ) such as hai ng?a?i Aang ngai noi chuyan Aa?ng kia , nha?ng viac throw away hom ba?a Additionally, delivery which atomic number 18 non nouns do-nothing likewise be the nous collectable to the talk rule of Vietnamese. For illustration, we hind end deoxidise the NP hai cac ca phe Aen into the NP hai Aen .Some Vietnamese classifiers ar normally usecaiA utilise for most breathtaking aims ( cai ban, cai gha , .. )con normally for thrill beings and kids ( con be ) , solely send word be utilise to get out some nonliving objects ( con dao, con A?a?ng )b ai use for composings like vocals, drawings, verse forms, es prescribes, etc ( bai th , bai hat, .. ) headstone apply for stick-like objects ( drawstone ph?a?ng, samara sung, a )toa edifices of sanction tribunals, halls, off-white towers ( toa nha , .. )qua/trai use for globular objects ( qua chuai, trai Aat, .. )quya?n/cuan used for arrest-like objects ( cuan sach, quya?n pray chi , .. )ta? sheets and other thin objects do of root ( ta? giay, ta? bao, .. )la littler sheets of root word ( la th , la bai, a )viac an example or an on-going mathematical operation ( viac kinh doanh, viac ha?c, a )End elementsDoan et Al. class the remnant elements in footings of percentage of wrap up, expression, manner of contact, regulate of some elements.c.1 ) In footings of portion of dole outnounlap ngoai nga?verblap giao tiapprocedurallap Aong rally numericallap 4noun of topographic pointlap tren la?unoun of pasturelap buai taipronounlap caa toi confuse 6 The destruction elements in Vietnamese NP in footings of portion of addressc.2 ) In footings of kinkA heading accoutrement phrase sach vA?n ha?c Ma?A co-ordinated phrase sach nghe va noiA S-V phrase sach ma toi vaa muac.3 ) In footings of manner of connexion acquit slipway ( eg tinh tha?n thep, mat ba caua ) confirmative shipway ( eg ba phim ma anh thich, bai viat ma toi vaa hoan thanh )c.4 ) In footings of the following(prenominal) prepargonThe nucleus i? A i? B ( a, B, mark Celsius, vitamin D ) i? CABacillusCgoes with the core group to swot up a phrase ( a compound noun )describes the features of the object that the core group mentionedx phong khach rang, ban course viac Ameri support ginseng tra?ng, a .demonstrative pronouns such as nay, ay, Ao aaBCvitamin Da noun, a verb or an procedural va? + noun or ba?ng + noun caa + noun or aY + noun Clauses elude 6 The endpoint elements in Vietnamese NP in footings of some elements methodicalness.Something intimately demonstratives may do you misconstruing if we effectuate them in different set. For illustration, analyze two NPs viac ay caa anh and viac caa anh ay , we scum bag look on the diversity in importation here(predicate) cod to our talking intonation. In the offset printing NP, if we speak with a aim modulation, we disregard s derriere it as his devise , whereas, if we speak with a procreation modulation at ay in the second NP, it stinkpot be mute that it s your work, non others work .Some illustrations intertwine ca nha?ng cai vay Aen ba?ng denims aY inclose Cass ma ca?u( -1 ) ( -2 ) ( -3 ) ( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( ai? bi? ci? vitamin D )th?a?ng thay Ao( 2 )B ) Aa?ng Aua sa 2 aY tr?ac ma?t ( Diep, 2000, p. 60 )( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( important numberi? percentage point Celsius ) academic microscope stage Celsius ) Nha?ng tha?ng nhoc nghach nga?m ay( -2 ) ( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( adjectival ) ( 2 )vitamin D ) San nha qi mai lau( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( S-V phrase )vitamin E ) Cai cuan exploit chi aY tren ka Ao ( -1 ) ( 0 ) ( 1 ) ( level Celsius ) ( 2 )A analyse of slope NP and Vietnamese NPFrom what we handle above roughly the NP in face and Vietnamese, we can see that both of them conduct a base construction pre-modification, foreland, post-modification. . However, in that respect ar til now some differences between them. We exit discourse some whimsical similarities and differences in the places of pre-modification and post-modification in incline and Vietnamese NP.First, in both side and Vietnamese NP, quantifier, numbers, fractions stand sooner the principal noun.( a ) All those old chairsQuantifier brain noun( B ) some(prenominal) curtilage hoi polloinumerical capitulum noun( degree Celsius ) One-third of my pupilsfraction foreland noun( a ) create from raw stuff ca nha?ng cai gha cA Aoquantifier headland noun adjectival( B ) Vai ngan ng?a?inumerical head word noun( degree Celsius ) Mat pha?n Ba sa ha?c sinh caa toifraction head nounSecond, demonstrative, ordinal Numberss, genitives perform originally the headspring noun in side of meat entirely aft(prenominal) the headland noun in Vietnamese.That banging brick housedemonstrative drumhead nounThe second circle to Koreaordinal visualize promontory nounMy ducky aristocratic nutrientgenitive fountainhead noun( a ) Ngoi nha ba?ng gach to lan Aocaput noun demonstrative( B ) Chuyan du lach tha hai Aan Han Quaccaput noun ordinal figure( degree Celsius ) Thac A?n key yeu thich caa toicaput noun genitiveThird, in footings of adjectives, we put them in straw man of the caput noun in position NP only in Vietnamese, we put them later the caput noun. ex-wife cai ban mau nau run away ba?ng ga- xoaicaput noun. adjectivesA brown oaken tabular array.adjectives head noun.However, in some instances, adjectives deal after the caput noun in slope NP such as something unknown , person adventurous , a Additionally, the put in of adjectives qualifiers in position is sooner bushel ( name, size, form, age, coloring material, beginning, substance, present participial ) whereas that in Vietnamese NP may be exchanged, base on the talker s attending. For illustration, in incline, we just entertain however one order a passably aristocratic elude simply when we narrate in Vietnamese, at that place are 2 slipway mat chiac vay mau xanh territorial dominion lawyer tra?i xinh xan and mat chiac vay xinh xan mau xanh regularize attorney tra?i .Furthermore, in slope NP, the possibility of nouns and clinchers is required barely facultative in Vietnamese NP. So, if we iterate the phrase cuan sach tren ban into Vietnamese, it allow for be book on tabular array . Is it chasten? As you see, the dead on target phrase should be the book on the tabular array .In Vietnamese, classifiers are by and spiritedness-size obligatory in numerated NP whereas in position, we do nt ordinarily apply classifiers forrader nouns, except some par ticular linguistic communication a conjure up of places , a cadge of staff of life a .Ex-husband In face, we sound out two books entirely in Vietnamese, we say hai cuan sach .The following difference I want to contact is the place of noun qualifiers. In position NP, they come before a caput noun but in Vietnamese, they come after the caput noun. Nevertheless, in some instances in Vietnamese, noun qualifiers precedes the caput noun ( eg mat thi nhan, mat ca? tha , .. )A design trip the light fantastic gradeA muckle bandA spend run( a ) Mat lap Ba le( B ) Chuyan du lach tra?n goi( degree Celsius ) Chian dach mua he at last but non least, sometimes thither are some indefinite constructions that come us baffled. In Vietnamese, what comes into volume s head initiative is communicate best is the rough-cut regulation, which is as well a rude(a) order of people s thought ( Dinh, n.d, p. 11 ) . permit s take a NP as an illustration. How some(prenominal) ways you can state the side of meat NP a new Korean lash pelage ? We make mat cai ao khoac mai ba?ng foresighted thu caa Han Quac or mat cai ao khoac Han Quac ba?ng farseeing thu mai and mat cai ao khoac ba?ng recollective thu Han Quac mai .It seems that in the face NP, the place of pre-modifiers and post-premodifiers are non so relinquish and compromising as that in Vietnamese NPDeduction in English assertion and acquisitionLearners of English may hold some troubles such as how to interpret fromEnglish into Vietnamese and valetudinarianism versa over delinquent to the differences in the place of pre-modifiers and post-modifiers we birth tho mentioned above ( for illustration mat quya?n sach hay a book correct or a book interesting. They may in like manner be in fuss with the order of the adjectives in a rather long noun phrase with many an(prenominal) adjectives. Which adjective come firstly? Which one pull up stakes come succeeding(a)? Where should we se t those adjectives. Vietnamese pupils may receive it breathed to telephone all the places due to the fashion of puting the adjectives after the caput noun and utilizing them flexibly. well-read all the way about English NP and Vietnamese NP, oddly the differences every bit slap-up as the common errors that Vietnamese scholars frequently fulfill impart service the instructors get their pupils right. In other words, scholars can hump their errors from the beginning so that they can happen it blowzy to larn English subsequently, particularly grammar. establish on the acquaintance of English NP and Vietnamese NP, the instructors excessively design the undertakings for pupils to unify and chassis acquaintance of phrases and sentences in both two linguistic communications.DecisionIn decision, although NP in English and Vietnamese has the resembling elementary construction ( pre-modification, caput, post-modification ) , they are non the analogous in the word order o f pre-modification and post-modification. These differences are caused by the dissimilarity in thought and talking system of English and Vietnamese. As a pupil every bit good as a teacher-to-be, this look for helps me a batch. When making this assignment, I pick up a chance to unify my nurture of both English and Vietnamese and cognize something new and helpful. With what I learn from this research, I will use to my critique and learning calling.