John Green Essay

Not only is he an author but he spends his time making an effort in what can be done to focus on the greater good in the world such as contributing to donations around the world to help others. His novels all convey an important message that should all be taken under consideration. Five efficient themes can involve the following: ignoring risks for adventure, loss of innocence, assuaging guilt after loss and blaming ones self, relationships in relation to teen romance and coming of age. He is also known for making videos on the internet while letting his voice be heard and teaching society history in his website known as â€Å"Crash Course†. The author, John Green, has made an impact on his readers by expressing life changing themes in his works along with how his life impacted his work and lasting contributions. John Green, an awe-inspiring author born on August 24th, 1977. He was primarily raised in walking distance of Disney World in Orlando, Florida. After high school, John resided in Ohio and graduated from Kenyon College in 2000 with a double major in English and Religious Studies. For a few consecutive years, he exerted himself for the book review journal Booklist as both a publishing assistant along with production editor. While committed to the job, he was also writing his first book Looking for Alaska. Not only did he have those jobs, he also critiqued books for The New York Times Book Review and helped out Chicago’s public radio station. Green then moved and lived with his wife in New York City for two years while she was attending graduate school. While being both an author and a critic, John also became a famous YouTuber alongside his brother, Hank Green. In 2007, the Vlogbrothers were formed along with a Brotherhood 2. 0 project that took all 365 days of continuous videos being sent back and forth between both brothers as their only source of communication. All of these videos went viral, and the videos still are being created to this day. The first novel, Looking for Alaska, published in 2005, won the 2006 Michael L. Printz Award in the United States and the Silver Inky Award in Australia. At first, he never truly envisioned himself as someone who could go from telling stories to actually writing them in print. It grows to be a difficult task for anyone who wants to be an author but luckily after reaching his college years is where John really obtained the ability to write stories to the point where they made sense and were destined to be published. That is where Looking for Alaska comes into play. His intentions for the outcome of this book were to make all of his previous ex-girlfriends jealous which could presumably work in most cases. Also, Green truly gained the inspiration while attending a boarding school to begin writing his first novel. As he proclaims, â€Å"I like writing for teenagers because big questions–about love and religion and compassion and grief–matter to teens in a very visceral way. And it’s fun to write teenage characters. They’re funny and clever and feel so much so intensely† (Q&A with Author John Green). In 2006, John released his second novel known as An Abundance of Katherines. This novel received recognition such as becoming a finalist for the Los Angeles Times Book Prize while also coinciding as being named a Michael L. Printz Honor Book. His third novel published in 2008, was placed number five on the New York Times bestseller list and even granted John to win yet another award such as the Edgar Allen Poe award for best mystery novel. One year later, Paper Towns was placed among number one in the ALA (American Library Association) Teens’ Top Ten by over 11,000 readers. (Bloomsbury). Throughout the time of his novels gaining fame, his fame throughout the internet has begun spreading rapidly. At this rate his channel that he currently shares with his brother, aka Vlogbrothers has received over 20,573,626 views. This continues to grow more and more everyday due to a ommunity that the Green brothers have associated as Nerdfighters. Vlogbrothers also currently have over 607,000 subscribers while being in charge of a gigantic YouTube event known as VidCon that is an event held over summer. Green is an extreme professional in relation to multi-tasking and is constantly involved in numerous projects. He runs a blog, k nown as fishingboatproceeds. tumblr. com, along with a website for DFTBA records, an enthralling YouTube that is specifically used for his teachings of World History, while lastly being a full time father to his son Hank at home. Not only has he written his own novels but he has co-written a few as well. For example, Will Grayson, Will Grayson along with Let It Snow are two novels that are partially written by him. Everything is still revolved around the lives of Young Adults which is a certain theme that went on sale January 10th. This novel is such an extreme success, due to the fact that it has remained number one on New York Times Bestseller list for a few consecutive weeks. The popularity for the preorder is what even got the date to be pushed forward for release. Green initially promised to sign the entire first printing for the preorder which caused a rapid pace in it being essential to own a copy instantaneously. The novel was originally set to release in May 2012, but due to high order of demand it was able to be viewed by the public by January 10th. This was a relief to most sincere there are numerous positive reviews reflecting upon the entire book. Green is extremely involved with his fan base, and has the ability to interact with everyone throughout his Social Networking sites and most wholeheartedly, through his novels as well. As he remarks, â€Å"I’m ultimately much more passionate about writing and books, but I really love YouTube and the community that’s built up around our videos,† Green says. One example, â€Å"We’re one of the largest groups that donate to Kiva, a microfinance website that makes loans to entrepreneurs in developing countries. We’ve loaned more than $100,000 in the last six months. Books are great, but you can’t have a visceral connection to changing the world, and doing stuff that makes you feel better about being a person. It’s a different kind of work. † (A Signature Move Pays Off For John Green). He is not afraid to interact with others, and continues to strive to improve all of his diverse works one step at a time. Even if he may be perceived as a beginner for someone who has only been writing for a few years, John definitely has a way with words and is more ahead than most. As for how his life has affected his work, his most recent book, The Fault In Our Stars is a perfect example of what one person can do. A girl named Esther, who was a close friend of John’s, passed away with cancer and pushed John to persevere and actually have the ability to put his thoughts to paper in what will be his most successful book overall. His personal life experiences have been able to mold him into what he is able to define within different worlds along with his characters and let his mind wander. Paper Towns is reflected on the area he was raised in, while An Abundance of Katherines correlates with the amount of times John had been dumped in his lifetime. Even Looking for Alaska takes place in the same environment and same school system. All inspiration for Green’s book is derived from certain past experiences, regardless of how subtle the hints are. John Green, a rather creative man who writes books with themes that appear to be correlate with each other. The first theme that can easily be identified in his six books that have been written are all about the stereotypical teenager and the desire for fun. Ignoring risks for adventure is definitely one that teens are able to admit that it is definitely not a fable, but rather a truth. In the following three books, Paper Towns, The Fault in Our Stars, and Looking for Alaska, there is evidence to be provided as to why all of the following five themes are accurate, including this one. Ignoring risks for adventure can be a theme that is explained in his first novel. Looking for Alaska would be a rather brilliant example when realizing that all of the teenagers in this young adult novel are attending a private school which means boundaries. This causes more rebellion with the following, characters, Alaska, Miles, and all of the numerous teenagers that get pulled into the storyline. It is most likely that Alaska is the one who influenced this upon everyone else in the first place, considering the following, â€Å"I have guts, just not where it counts† (Looking for Alaska 95). Alaska is fully aware of all of her capabilities to be able to get away with drinking on campus or pranking other students near the area, but then again, it is definitely not something to be proud of in the first place. If any students are caught while attending this private school they are immediately on trial for expulsion, and everyone has heard fully well of how much of a big deal that is. So they are willing to take all of the risks for that need of some sort of euphoria, or some case to know that they actually are somewhat alive. A private school with so many boundaries can be so limited at times, which can only mean that teenagers are conformed to get through that somehow. The main character, Miles changes dramatically throughout the novel, especially considering that the book is split up into two parts–before and after. Miles shows such a fond attraction to Alaska in the before section, while also showing some extreme respect for her as well. In another discussion between Alaska and Miles, Alaska states, â€Å"†¦ I’m not going to be one of those people who sits around talking about what they’re gonna do. I’m just going to do it† (54). It appears that Alaska enjoys being in the moment of things, rather than have to ponder on everything she is about to do and go through the pros and cons of things. This theme can relate to the majority of all teenagers, especially for one of the main themes that are used throughout John’s books. He has a tendency to find some fascination in teenagers, and he is aware of their situation in all struggles they are forced to confront. A risk for the teenagers in this novel would have to be when they all are fully aware of the consequences that will appear after being caught. Although, the adventure is what makes it such a worthy advocate and even makes getting caught worth it. Unfortunately, Alaska passes in the â€Å"after† section of the novel, which changes any other characters in the show and makes everyone suddenly be aware of their consequences and instantly regret it. A way these characters are explained for ignoring risks for adventure as a theme is by saying, â€Å"While following in the foot steps of Salinger and Knowles, Green ventures beyond identifying the absurd ironies of life and provides a philosophical, religious, and spiritual subtext for his characters and his readers† (Blasingame Jr. . The author is able to provide valuable reasons as to why he is contributing other contexts to the novel as well that can very well correlate with the theme. The Fault in Our Stars is a book involving the means of dealing with young adults who are faced with cancer or even any serious death causing diseases of the sorts. This book could po ssibly have more risks, in terms of staying alive for one–along with being so limited of being able to do, well, anything really. A way this theme is explained mentions the following, â€Å"He’s in remission from the osteosarcoma that took one of his legs. She’s fighting the brown fluid in her lungs caused by tumors. Both know that their time is limited† (The Fault In Our Stars). Throughout the novel there are two main characters with the names of Hazel and Augustus. They never had an easy start with living a healthy life like everyone else, yet they are able to find each other and fall in love. This is such a brilliant opportunity for them, considering they could die at any moment but they are aware that they also only live once. Hazel is extremely fascinated by an author in Sweden, and thanks to Augustus, his wish makes it possible for them to be able to visit the area for a couple of days. The only problem is all of the troubles they have to face with not being able to breathe or walk or function as well as they did back home. It is just an extreme risk to be considering, but that never bothered the two of them. They have already lived a lifestyle that was extremely risky, and they would do anything to get out of that mindset even if it cost them their life, they would at least know what it was like to live. A second theme can actually explain into more depth of the previous theme. This would be rather the consequence of what is to come after ignoring risks for adventure. It is possible, and it is what all people have to go through sometime in their life. Loss, whether it be of family, innocence, or love; it is an extremely hazardous struggle to even consider of being able to get over. John Green is able to portray his characters as going through an extremely life changing event. It can only mean that while all teenagers may feel invincible and omniscient throughout that particular era, all of that happiness and enjoyment must all come to an end in certain cycles. In Paper Towns, Quentin spent a lifetime loving a girl named Margo from afar, however, when she runs away and goes missing for a lengthened amount of time; he goes through an extreme loss and encounters all of the three stages of loss. Margo has been his neighbor all of his life, so losing someone that has been in your life since the very beginning was tragic for him, along with the fact that a good guy who would never take risks was suddenly willing to throw it all on the line to be able to find Margo. This is the main theme for this book, due to the fact that throughout the entire story, Quentin is chasing after Margo in hopes of actually finding her. The way this is all able to connect together mentions, â€Å"Although the plot and characters are significantly different and in many ways more engaging, there is a significant thematic similarity here to Green’s Looking for Alaska (BCCB 2/05), as an ordinary guy seeks to understand a complex, fascinating, yet elusive and troubled girl† (Paper Towns). This summarizes the majority of the novel and what it stands for. It truly explains why it is so important in the first place and why all of John’s novels are related in some way. Quentin goes through this loss and is left to chase after Margo in the end. Compared to Paper Towns, the other two books tend to go through two extreme losses that even readers cannot cope with having to read–a death of a character. It is quite tragic to have to see what themes will occur next after John pulls out a loss of life in the majority of his novels, but he always seems to be creative about it. In Looking for Alaska, Miles loses Alaska in the after section of the book and there is still another half of the book of him being able to cope through his loss. It is an extremely depressing situation, especially since he wanted what he never had, and would never again get the chance to. This leads to the consideration that the teenager would most likely feel like they have failed the particular character who passed away, and it will result in regret. As John puts it into perspective of how Miles feels, he says, â€Å"I know so many last words. But I will never know hers† (Looking for Alaska 142). Miles felt as though this cause of death was all of his fault, but throughout this theme, there are numerous changes in Miles of how he is able to cope through everything. As for The Fault in Our Stars, that is more likely to be a tearjerker, considering Augustus, the one whom Hazel is in love with, passes away towards the end of the novel. It seems rather incredibly difficult to face, but somehow, Hazel was already aware of the consequences. Hazel mentions the rating of her loss of pain as this, â€Å"I was saving my ten. And here it was, the great and terrible ten, slamming me again† (The Fault In Our Stars 263). She was mentioning how badly she was affected by the loss of Augustus and that her own pain that she suffered physically from cancer was practically nothing compared to this. She knew that they had a countdown by means of how long their lifetime would last and luckily he was able to provide her with an infinite amount of infinities that she never considered possible. A way that loss can be described is, â€Å"But he delivers more than a collectible with this exquisitely sad novel about Hazel and Augustus, two teens struggling to keep their terminal-cancer diagnoses from defining who they are† (Corbett). All of the characters that go through a certain loss are able to go through a sudden change, and they only became stronger by means of the plot. There are numerous things that can be noticed when involving likely themes within the works of John Green. He is known to repeat himself throughout numerous occurrences in the following novels: Looking for Alaska, Paper Towns and The Fault in Our Stars. In this theme, a lot of guilt is left to follow through after the conflicts commence. This feeling is most likely to be experienced after a devastating moment occurs that leaves readers more emotionally attached to the book itself. John holds moments where he can captivate the readers with this theme and really cause people to think outside of the box and consider the following; guilt walks among us when the worst has yet to come. The guilt is certainly perceiving in each novel in regards to the significant other that is described throughout the novel. For example, The Fault in Our Stars involves the death of Augustus Waters due to death of cancer. This occurs near the end of the novel but it is most likely for Hazel to feel horrible for what has occurred. Not only does she have to deal with the same troubles herself, but if she had not been so focused on her severities, she feels as though she could have done something different to save him. As Hazel responds, â€Å"It’s hard to explain, but talking to them felt like stabbing and being stabbed† (The Fault in Our Stars 269). It can be interpreted that Hazel can not bring herself to the discouragement that is left of the pain that is still among the parents of Augustus. That unsettling emptiness will always be there to remain and she is not prepared for that herself. On a trip to the hospital earlier in the book, Augustus was there at the same time but he had managed to make it appear as though he was just visiting her. The real dilemma is that he was there for himself because his cancer was worsening. Somehow Augustus managed to hide this from Hazel all along so they could at least for once know what it was like to feel normal. This guilt overtook Hazel leaving her to say the following, â€Å"The only person I really wanted to talk to about Augustus Waters’s death was Augustus Waters† (262). Regardless of the unsettlement, John had a way with describing the feelings of Hazel in all that she is left to deal with. As for Paper Towns, guilt is expressed through the characters Quentin and Margo. Margo runs away early on in the book, leaving Quentin to question whether he should give it all he has to chase after her or not. He even tends to feel as though it is his fault or as though it could have been prevented due to the fact that they are neighbors. The guilt first started settling in when Quentin describes, â€Å"Margo left often enough that there weren’t any Find Margo rallies at school or anything, but we all felt her absence† (Paper Towns 94). Guilt was never anything to be shy of, because the longer Margo surprisingly stays absent and leaves no signs or intentions of ever returning, is when the alarms go off in Quentin’s head that something is truly wrong. This guilt allows Quentin to go on adventures and test his feelings for Margo to go out of his way to connect all of the dots to finally be able to find Margo. The guilt is finally enough to push the good boy Quentin to be adventurous and even miss graduation to be able to feel relief of confronting Margo. In the novel that is saved for last due to the most guilt consuming details, Looking for Alaska leaves Miles in depression. If anything, his choices could have been different if only he had prevented the death of Alaska. Alaska was his everything at the school he was currently attending, and it was all he even truly cared for. She changed his views on so many aspects and she left a mark to remain in his life. Unfortunately, halfway through the book Alaska passes away and leaves Miles behind. Although, the night before is the night that could have changed everything. He finally had his chance with Alaska and they could have been officially together and there were so many questions that had to go unanswered. He even had allowed Alaska to run off campus in the middle of the night while intoxicated to who knows where. That moment will forever be etched in his mind and cause things to replay on repeat. What could have been done differently? It is a guilt that is forever permanent and it will scar him for what could have been. He is even left to feel like a terrible friend for not looking out for her or even intervening between whatever pain Alaska was going through. Of course, silly him for thinking Alaska was stronger than that and could get through basically anything. His first reaction went along the lines of, â€Å"I thought: It’s all my fault. I thought: I don’t feel very good. I thought: I’m going to throw up† (Looking for Alaska 139). Even that first millisecond of within being earshot of hearing the news left negative side effects. His guilt inspired him to not give up in looking for alaska, hence the name of the title is that he assumes she has not really passed on. Assuming that there was a more underlying meaning than that, unfortunately it really was not the case. But this guilt rubs off on Miles and changes the person that is entirely. This theme can reflect how much can be changed when guilt takes place. All of John’s dynamic characters had to go through some sudden change without ever asking for it, but through the consumption of guilt transitions were made. This is how he was able to let his characters grow and develop even more and leave them with the impression that things always can get better in the end. Something can also be added to what creates guilt is what is brought up when involving, â€Å"After Margo disappears, the book turns into a detective story with some riveting moments but a much slower pace to accommodate a few false leads and to develop clues and insights through Q’s interesting exploration and growing comprehension of Leaves and Grass† (Corwin). Relationships are certain short lived experiences throughout the time of being a teenager. As an author, John is able to portray this so called â€Å"teen romance† in the midst of his novels. Not only is it teen romance with simply the thought of it being romantic, but it is familial as well. There are numerous relationships that are known to develop throughout the journey of each novel. Some may grow hindered and falter, while others tend to strengthen and prosper. There are certainly different types of ways family can be expressed of how they are always there for one another, especially to grow. Or in similar cases where such a strong friendship can be as familiar as family and transition into a familial relationship. Then of course there is the romantic relationship where it will either make or break the significant others permanently or become a cherished memory in which they can learn from it. In Looking for Alaska, Miles has parents that are always looking out for him and are willing to provide him with the most self sufficient education. He never had true friends at his previous school, and thanks to this brand new environment he has been placed in he is able to gain friends that will certainly stick with him for the time being. Miles does meet a significant other named Alaska but unfortunately with no proper closure due to her dramatic death in the middle of the novel. As Miles come into conclusion with this sudden thought, â€Å"We need never be hopeless, because we can never be irreparably broken†(Looking for Alaska 220). All of these relationships in the end do strengthen Miles into becoming the person he has wanted to be all along, which is how this theme is able to create character development. As for Paper Towns, Quentin’s parents were always there to lend a helping hand in case of a situation when he would ever need it. When having to deal with the sudden absence of Margo his parents were able to feel empathy and want to comfort him throughout that entire struggle. There is also a relationship that is formed through a prolonged amount of time between the two main characters Quentin and Margo. Since they have been neighbors as children there was a lot of time for feelings to grow within the rest of the novel. Their relationship strengthens with the following words, I stand in this parking lot, realizing that I’ve never been this far from home, and here is this girl I love and cannot follow. I hope this is the hero’s errand, because not following her is the hardest thing I’ve ever done† (Paper Towns 305). The Fault in Our Stars displays the best relationships simply because they are so strong and steady. Hazel’s main friends are practically her parents and they are her everything. They are always there if she ever needs someone to talk to and since she is supplied with cancer hey are constantly making sure she is okay. This proves how sufficient it is when phrasing the state â€Å"blood is thicker than water†. Hazel needs her parents to survive and she is so grateful to be able to have such a strong bond because of this which is something a typical teenager does not obtain the opportunity of achieving. Most relationships with family are hindered thr oughout this time, but there are ways in which it is different for any teenager Green writes about. The relationship Hazel and Augustus have also correlates with that they are well aware of what the other person is going through. Since both of them are affected with cancer and are constantly reminded of the fact that they can die at any given moment, within that given amount of time they had left they were able to find each other. That was really all they needed and John could not have expressed any of these relationships any more perfectly than he had already done. John is able to portray all certain types of relationships as sincere and genuine. He is able to express all types of relationships and how much of an impact they can make on the lives of teenagers. It is normal for a teen to be able to experience all of the consequences and benefits that correlate with this as well. A critic discussing the love between Augustus and Hazel mentions, â€Å"The Fault in Our Stars doesn’t just dispense with fake sentiment; it offers us a powerful shot of the real stuff in its place. The love between Hazel and Gus–the courage and humor with which they manage their grief for each other and for themselves–is as real and intense as any I’ve seen in recent fiction, young adult or otherwise† (Grossman). Their relationship that is created is as real as ever when being depicted upon words. There are struggles and hardships but there is affection and strength alongside these two teens. It is what makes up the rest of the novel due to being two dynamic characters. Another thing that exemplifies their love states, â€Å"He shows us true love — two teenagers helping and accepting each other through the most humiliating physical and emotional ordeals — and it is far more romantic than any sunset on the beach† (Standiford). They are far more romantic than most typical couples and John makes the two stand for something in their own unique way. Both critics are able to comprehend why their love is so important and why it was able to leave an impact on all readers. Coming of age is definitely something that is rather challenging to overcome, especially when regarding the terms of a rebellious and stubborn teenager. It is what all young adults must face at some point in their lives and John uses this theme throughout the endings of his novels to express the self growth of an individual and for self-actualization to occur vividly. In most cases, teens feel as though they are all knowing omniscient individuals who make themselves feel as though they are invincible and adventurous. In Paper Towns, John depicts Margo as an extremely independent and self sufficient teen. He is able to describe the struggles of Margo refusing to confront her troubles with growing up and graduating high school. As for the other character Quentin, John is able to have the readers visualize the changes he goes through and comes into terms with his true potential by the end of Paper Towns. Quentin describes his feelings as such, â€Å"I hope this is the hero’s errand, because not following her is the hardest thing I’ve ever done† (Paper Towns 304). Due to Quentin realizing he no longer needs to chase Margo like he had been doing so in such a careless, silly manner he can now focus on his future and actually grow up for good. Examples of growing up with Looking for Alaska are all surrounded by the ongoing thought processes occurring within the mind of Miles. He had never known what it was like to actually fall in love or even have real friends that were willing to be there for him and hang out with him which had already transitioned the way Miles perceived things as it is. This theme is able to develop more towards the novel by John being able to express the feelings of the protagonist and how Miles was able to learn all of his lessons and overcome them by growing up. For the majority of the novel he had blamed the death of his love Alaska but luckily, his coming of age made him mature and overcome all of his negative situations and placing them into a much more positive perspective. The Fault in Our Stars puts the theme into a whole different perspective. Hazel unfortunately has to live a different lifestyle from everyone else due to the fact that she is more aware of her chances of survival among a crowd of others and that nothing can ever be placed as permanent. When dealing with coming of age, Hazel realizes what she is able to do by stating, â€Å"You of all people know it is possible to live with pain† (The Fault In Our Stars 300). Green is able to consider how different the lives of cancer patients are stricken with. Hazel’s terms of coming to age really meant of how her overall experiences with Augustus changed her as a person in the end. She grew so much more from it and knew what it was like to love someone within her own perspective of infinity. The topic of cancer and coming of age through it is speculated as, â€Å"The subject of cancer, especially in children, is surrounded by a huge–one could almost say tumorous–mass of sentimental rhetoric, and as Gus and Hazel circle each other, they work self-consciously against it, irradiating it with their merciless scorn† (Grossman). Hazel was also able to meet her idol in Sweden which also provided her with insight on how different people can appear to be behind closed doors. A way the whole theme can be justified until the very end of the novel is when the following states, â€Å"As Hazel and Gus often remind each other, the world is not a wish-granting factory. Nevertheless, †a forever within the numbered days† can be found, and as Hazel shows us, maybe that’s all we can ask for† (Standiford). Coming of age just proves how insight can be gained to create wisdom within the individual teenager that John is able to create inside of the world of his characters. Despite the fact that John is currently on the market of being viewed as a new author, he still has so much successful work to make up for his lack of being around for long. All lasting contributions are because of the fact that he is such a new author with a high peak of success that only destines him to be around for so much longer. He is also rather well known on the internet all because of the influence of YouTube which is yet another occupation he is responsible for. YouTubers view his videos consistently and John is one to be willing to contribute to something in the world. His name cannot simply be forgotten, considering the fact that he is already such a fresh footprint marked in the soil among other world famous authors. All of his videos on the internet and novels that he has written so far all tend to convey important messages that we can all hold onto dearly. Whether it be an opportunity of gaining new insight of anything Green feels the need of expressing his opinion for in his videos or even teaching us something new. There is always something that is being contributed to others. That being said, his novels mark the greatest impact of all, reaching out to his fellow eaders. He comforts everyone and lets everyone all know that we are never alone no matter what struggles we are forced to face. There are so many circumstances in which his novels can apply to numerous experiences the novels have been through as well. All of these messages imply that we can relate to something that John has contributed to and whether is it a video or a book, his work is always there to welcome all viewers home. Works Cited Boarders, Rich. â€Å"An Interview: with John Green, Author of Looking for Alaska. † Books. Cart, Michael. â€Å"The Value of Young Adult Literature. Young Adult Library Association. Corbett, Sue. â€Å"Double Identity. † Publishers Weekly 257. 7 (2010): 28-29. Academic Search Premier. Web. 9 Mar. 2012. Green, John. Looking for Alaska. New York: Dutton, 2005. Print. —. Paper Towns. New York: Dutton, 2008. Print. —. The Fault in Our Stars. New York: Dutton, 2012. Print. Grossman, Lev. â€Å"The Topic Of Cancer. † Time 179. 5 (2012): 54. Academic Search Premier. Web. 9 Mar. 2012. Standiford, Natalie. â€Å"The Tenacity Of Hope. † New York Times Book Review (2012): 16. Academic Search Premier. Web. 9 Mar. 2012. â€Å"A Signature Move Pays off for John Green BookPage. BookPage Discover Your Next Great Book! Web. 10 Feb. 2012. â€Å"Author, Author. † Kirkus Reviews 78. 7 (2010): 1 4. Academic Search Premier. Web. 9 Mar. 2012. â€Å"Bloomsbury Publishing Author Biography: John Green John Green. † Bloomsbury. Bloomsbury Publishing Author Biography. Web. 10 Feb. 2012. â€Å"John Green’s Biography. † John Green–Author of Paper Towns, Looking for Alaska and An Abundance of Katherines. Web. 10 Feb. 2012. â€Å"Personal John Green. † Biography. Web. 10 Feb. 2012. â€Å"The Fault In Our Stars. † Kirkus Reviews 80. 2 (2012): 182. Academic Search Premier. Web. 9 Mar. 2012. The Fault In Our Stars. † Publishers Weekly 259. 3 (2012): 57. Academic Search Premier. Web. 9 Mar. 2012. â€Å"Quite in the Grasp. † Quiet in the Grasp of Dusk, and Summer, and Stars. Web. 10 Feb. 2012. John Green: Literary Catalog WorksPublication Year Books: Looking for Alaska2005 An Abundance of Katherines2006 Paper Towns2008 Let It Snow: Three Holiday Romances2008 Will Grayson, Will Grayson2010 The Fault in Our Stars2012 Short stories: The A pproximate Cost of Loving Coraline2006 The Great American Morp2007 Freak the Geek2009 Reasons2011 Other: Thisisnottom2009 Zombicorns2010

Cultural Diversity Presentation Essay

This presentation that I will be displaying is to demonstrate the schools, parents and teachers the importance of English language learners and to encourage all parents to get involved and be part of the school culture activities. The involvement is important in assisting students in the schools. Also these courses and affiliations to include families, parents are to value the support and raise the level of their participation, whereas students progress their accomplishment, way of thinking, and manners. Seeing as parent taking part is so significant, the presentation symbolizes a way to aid parents and to become more effective member in their children’s schooling, as well as maintaining their educational accomplishment, and support them to take the most thorough educational programs offered by their schools they go to. The three activities in which I will be displaying is based on the belief that actual parental participation schooling must present families useful guidance to brace their kid’s learning. Throughout these presentations, families will discover the choices and openings obtainable to students from all social factors and cultural groups and realistic approaches to persuade and encourage their kids as they take on the challenging school classes in elementary, middle or public high school. Goals: The major aims of the parent’s participation and training are to: 1. Improve teachers’ understanding of ideas to better intersect cultural interaction with families; 2. Improve family’s understanding on the advantages of parental participation in their kid’s education. 3. Present family with data about cultural diversity and the vital importance of their kid’s involvement in such program as this; 4. Make available to families certain ideas to assist their kids to sign up in cultural programs. Diversity and Cultural Contact Communication: Discovering and understanding more about each other and our students as associates of an exclusive cultural and verbal population is an essential idea of raising the value of interaction among educators, classmates, parents, and schools. Families who are not customary with the United States instructive academic procedure are confronted with extra disputes in their specific school participation. For example, families who were raised in different nations might act in a way steady with the means they were proposed to conduct in the lands where they were raised. In various nations/ethnicity, families are not likely to participate in the school learning activities other than assist with research and go to irregular celebrations. The American school method believes that families will take some accountability for their kid’s achievement in proper learning by fitting energetically drawn in with the school and assisting their kids. The probability is that families will be occupied not only with the obligation of homework but also with particular assignments and other linked interest. In several nations the task of the families and the task of the school are harshly outline and separated. Close relative have an important obligation to implant manner and correct conduct in their kids. It is the school’s task to implant educational understanding. Teachers may be alleged as possessing not only the accountability but also including the right to make all instructive choices about their learners. In adding together, numerous linguistically and settler families are not alert of their human rights and the dissimilar function that they can have in their own school structures. Once the parents of migrant youths have no comprehension of the learning procedure, they might sense that they are leaving behind their kids to the big, unfamiliar planet that their kids now fit in to, other than families do not. They might turn out to be puzzled, alarmed, and irritated. These arguments can generate a meaning of anguish and stress. Schools can assist parents in the course of shifting into the United States typical ethnicity by making them sense that they are wanted and worthy. While parents comprehend how they can maintain their kid’s schooling and once schools discover the means to lecture to and integrate these parents’ cultural offerings, every person gains. Activity 1 The participations of families Aim Activity one: Recommend families with information about the encouraging influence of parental participation. Estimated time involves: One hour and a half Supplies: Indicator Marker and White board Topic Number one: When families get concerned in their kid’s schooling. Your best course of action: Warm-up Activity number one (15 minutes): Previous to opening the activity make clear the specific grounds of this gathering. Then have every single close relative present him or herself and speak for a moment about his or her point of views of the value of teaching in their kids’ lives. Carry a Full Group Activity: Give a (15 minute). For a little time explaining the vital stages of family participation and the way in which they can encouragingly influence their kid’s schooling. Group Activity number one (30 minutes): Include close relatives to play a role in the next task. Split the close relatives into little groups of four. Request the families to consider the way in which they can help their children to perform better in school. Persuade them to give examples of ideas they presently use to help their kids. Include the group to take a public official and a host. Include every single group to list their own individual ideas on the white board. Make certain that the families believe and feel happy with these functions. But if required, you or a school spokesperson may need to assist them to proofread and offer their strategies. Group Activity number two (30 minutes): To track the action, asking families to go in return to their previous role and place their ideas in conditions of their usefulness. â€Å"Which of these ideas has been generally most victorious? † Include the group to rephrase the ideas in class society. When this activity is finished, include dissimilar groups to split their ideas. It is essential to allow the families to present their own individual grades. There are no right or incorrect answers. If families talk in dissimilar languages, attempt to have families who converse the identical language in the matching group to permit them to talk in their natural language if they desire. Also adding on, it is vital to have translators to assist affiliates of the group converse with one another if various affiliates of the group are not English skilled. Activity 2 Make a Change in your Kid’s Life! Aim Activity two: To give emphasis on the strength that parental might have in their kid’s educational lives when they get included. Estimated time involves: One hour and a half Supplies: Indicator Marker and White board Your best course of action: Carry a Full Group Activity: Give a (15 minute). To recite it out loud or you might have one of the close relatives read it to the group. Group Activity number one (30 minutes): Make it possible to facilitate a conversation between families. Offer and help to facilitate conversation on the inquiry: â€Å"like having you encountered similar related circumstances? What would you do or say? What was the response of your act? † Write down family’s answers on the white board. Group Activity number two (30 minutes): Split the group into little bunches. Request every single group to talk about the following inquiry: (A) what type of input or means of the school should you require to turn into a good supporter for your kid? Have the group write down their strategies on a single sheet of paper. Then share those thoughts with the whole group. Evaluating the answers to the inquiries – (15 minutes) Closing the comments – (15 minutes) The instructor will momentarily outline the ideas and the data presented to him or her from the groups and persuade the families to use the offerings and ideas to make certain that their assistance to their kids will be successful. Activity 3 Encouraging Your Kid’s School Accomplishment Aim Activity three: The aim of Activity three is to offer families truthful aims and actions that will allow them to support their kids to start setting up for university at a young age. Estimated time involves: One hour Supplies: Indicator Marker and White board Your best course of action: Carry a Full Group Activity: Give a (30 minute). To explain the importance and demands of a university and the difficult activities they may encounter. How to gain college credits in the period time there are in high school. What type of classes will assist them to be successful at a university and finish a degree? What guidance counselor they should speak to about workshops, financial aid document for students. Educators need to also explain to the parents about the amount time and work that their kids have to do and how they are being graded. Introductory Activity: Give a (30 minute). Welcoming an ex-former successful student to a meeting classroom to share his or her progress experiences in the university with present students which are also helpful. Expending families’ supportive and assistance is also very vital to students’ accomplishment. Together the parents and students ought to study about the significance of get ready for a university while in high school and the necessity of a college learning to accomplish a profitable career. Conclusion: Educators need to present families with necessary educational material on hand to support functioning school meetings and high educational prospects. We need to increase parent participation and expectations that way they can really and openly influence the progress of a stressed student. These classes are offered to parents as an important offering tool which is at their access. Educators need to supply the information, instruction guidelines and at home tactics. Families also need to work with their kids at home at a suitable time. If mutually families and educators play their task in this affiliation, they can develop a beneficial relationship where the child obtains the gains. This activity, which provides a cultural diverse program which can be utilized as a method of interaction between families and educator. The presentation provided as well the information and methods to families to allow them to become more concerned in their kid’s schooling. The presentation will determine the changes in families handling and insight of the activity establish on study and discussion. Reference: Syrja,R. C. (2011). How to reach and teach English Language Learners: Practical Strategies to ensure success. San Francisco,CA: Jossey-Bass. Increasing Student Achievement by Increasing parent Involvement By Dr. Cynthia fusilier Director of Curriculum New Brighton area School District http://www. slideshare. net/NBASD/parent-involvement-presentation Graves, S. L. (2007). Influences on preservice teachers’ beliefs about family involvement and cultural diversity: An exploration of mentoring relationships. (Order No. 3393768, The Pennsylvania State University). ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, , 233-n/a. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/304840371? accountid=32521. (304840371). Sturz, D. L. , & Kleiner, B. H. (2005). Effective management of cultural diversity in a classroom setting. Equal Opportunities International, 24(5), 57-64. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/199537956? accountid=32521

Loyalty and deceit Essay

Book Two of Don Quixoted used to be a separate volume but was later merged into one with the first. An author named Avellaneda wrote an unauthorized version of the book. An irate Cervantes used the pirated version in his sequel. The second book is more serious in the manner in which it tackles the subject of deception. Playing true to character, in the second installment Don Quixote is as gullible and endearing character as in the first book. Don Quixote’s unbridled imagination gets him to trouble as usual and makes him the butt of jokes by wealthy patrons. Sancho’s loyalty to Don Quixote sometimes forces him to resort to deception. For instance, when Don Quixoted travelled to Taboso to visit his intended Dulcinea, Sancho tries to convince him that one of the three peasnat girls they met while traveling as Dulcinea and her ladies-in-waiting. When the Don refutes and says he sees only three peasant girls, Sancho deceives him into thinking that he suffers from a cruel spell which blinds him from the truth. Since Don Quixote cannot distinguish fact from fiction, he theorizes that the enchanters transformed Dulcinea into an ugly peasant girl. Undoing the spell on Dulcinea becoms the chief goal for Quixote in his journeys. A friend Samson Carrasco disguised as the Knight of the Mirrors so he can beat him in a swords fight so they could force him to go home safely. Unfortunately, the Don wins the duel. So Quixote and Sancho pressed on to continue their journey. Later, Don Quixote accepts an invitation to the unnamed Duke and Duchess’s palace. From Chapters XXX through LVII talks about Don Quixote and Sancho’s interactions with the Duke and Duchess. The duke and duchess accept the duo into their abode. Despite the formers’ encouragement to make them relax, Quixote and Sancho feel more uncomfortable than ever. Even if the duke and duchess appears to be social superior, their actions in these chapters reflect their shallow morality. By commanding their servants to look after Quixote and Sancho’s needs, feelings of animosity are aroused. Perhaps brought about by jealousy. The invitation extended by the duke and duchess to the cluleless Quixote and Sancho actually signals the start of an elaborate scheme to deliberately deceive the two in order to make fun of them. The duke and duchess are also abusing the help in order to carry out their cruel intents. These make them morally reprehensible and spiritualy inferior to the common classes. Don quixote fails to grasp the deception behind the duke and duchess’ actions. He was painfully unaware of the extended humiliation he is being subjected to in the guise of friendship. In Chapter XXXIII, Sancho Panza boldly declares to the duchess that believes that his master is a mad man. When asked why he continues to stay with him, he says that he truly cares for Quixote. He stays out of loyalty. He also worries about Don Quixote’s safety. These are probably the most telling lines of the story. Sancho, in his utter simplicity, proves to be compassionate and virtuous. Unlike Quixote who seems to be lost in his own world. Quixote may be virtuous but he is ignorant in the ways of men. The Duke and Duchess poke fun at Don Quixote making him a public spectacle. The conspiracy doesn’t end with Quixote but extends to Sancho as well. They pretend to come up with the antidote to Dulcinea’s enchantment even if the know the story is false by claiming that if Sancho whips himself 3,300 times, Dulcinea will go back to her old self. Don Quixote and Sancho’s adventure orchestrated by the Duke and Duchess include flying a wooden horse to slay a giant who turned the princes and her lover into metal figurines. The Duke and Duchess even arrange Sancho to govern the Island of Barataria. Sancho eventually attains what Quixote promises to him – to become governor. The imaginary island governorship bestowed by the duke and duchess enables Sancho to act out his fantasy of ruling a fictitious island. Even if what transpired is an elaborate ruse, Sancho proves to be an able ruler, very much capable of dispensing his job. His wisdom and realistic approach in solving the different problems presented to him made the townsfolk admire him. Sancho’s rule is short-lived though as he realizes after he got wounded in a make-believe battle arranged by the Duke and Duchess that he is happier as a laborer. Even if his talent for leadership caught everyone by surprise, Sancho chooses to renounce the life of a feudal governor and turns his back on the the elaborate prank played by the Duke and Duchess in a courageous demonstration of loyalty to Don Quixote. The arrogance of the Duke and the Duchess in the Second Part merely highlights the arrogance of class distinctions and sheer callousness of people from the upper class. Sancho and Teresa Panza’s wisdom which is highlighted at the end of the novel shows that old-fashioned goodness and wisdom from the common people still emerges victorious even in a world of full of deceit and cruelty. Don Quixote and Sancho’s truth and sincerity prevail over the Duke and Duchess’ fraud, deceit and malice. Sancho’s genuine service and loyalty turns him from Quixote’s servant to a good friend. Bibliography: Gradesaver, Don Quixote book ii study guide, 2009, 19 April 2009, Don Quixote Virtual Museum, Don Quixote: the story, 2009, retrieved 19 April 2009, Sparknotes, Don Quixote, 2009, retrieved 19 April 2009, Enotes, Don Quixote, http://www. enotes. com/literary-criticism/don-quixote-de-la-mancha-miguel-de-cervantes Wikipedia, Don Quixote, 2009, retrieved 19 April 2009,

Newly engaged couple hears that you are taking a course in Research Paper

Newly engaged couple hears that you are taking a course in interpersonal communication, and wants advice for their relationship - Research Paper Example (Krauss and Fussell, n.d). 1. The principles and misconceptions in effective interpersonal communications The level of communication in any particular situation determines what kind of social behavior will take place between the concerned individuals. (Krauss and Fussell, n.d). For example, with a couple like yours who are newly engaged and experiencing problems with interpersonal communication have to concentrate extremely hard on improving the communication between the two of you if the said relationship is to be sustained and nurtured over time. In couple’s relationships, communication sort of becomes the glue that holds the two people together. The more open and honest the communication level is between the two of you, the closer you will be and the less open and more strained the communication level is between the two of you the farther apart you will be and the more chances there will be of this relationship falling apart. Research on the matter has determined that commu nication does mediate behavior, but it is still hazy on how exactly it accomplishes this. (Krauss and Fussell, n.d). This could be because the topics under question are very intangible and cannot be quantified and tested easily and also because they vary with situation. Since every situation is case specific, we cannot generalize completely how exactly communication will affect interpersonal relations. For example, imagine a scenario where you guys have a fight. Both of you are angry, but your reactions as a result of this anger may be completely different. Sara, you may prefer to fume quietly and be more passive aggressive and Tim, you might be more vocal in your anger. Another couple in the midst of an angry fight might have completely different reactions. When communicating with one another you also have to be careful to catch, identify and correctly respond to any signs and symbols used during the communication by your partner. Knowledge and understanding of signs comes from kno wledge of the world. (Krauss and Fussell, n.d). For example, tears are a sign of sadness and smiling is a sign of happiness. However these are simplistic examples and in reality in your relationship you two will be faced with more complex signs to interpret. You both will have to watch out for facial expressions, body language and posture etc of the other as signs of what they are feeling. These signs may be specific to each one of you, but being around each other will provide you knowledge about them and help you interpret them better. Symbolic behavior includes the use of language; for example, Sara, if Tim says ‘I am upset’ it is a symbol of how he is feeling and this symbol helps him express his inner feelings to you. (Krauss and Fussell, n.d). One more thing to note is that the production of signs is inherent, while the production of symbols is learned. (Krauss and Fussell, n.d). Further, the two of you must realize that not only the spoken word counts as communica tion. All behavior counts as communication because even the smallest facial expressions and mood swings have the tendency to emotionally affect the other person. (Krauss and Fussell, n.d). Both of you should be aware of your own and each other’s behavior and how it affects you emotionally. Often talking about these indications will clear matters out and avoid them from

Questions in marketing Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Questions in marketing - Coursework Example Acceptance of the existence of factor outside the control of the business helps organizations to keep an open mind regarding the uncertainties that exist. Through roper strategic planning firms are in a better position to make these uncertainties work in their advantage. Contemporary theories of management also emphasize on the unavoidable factor of change and uncertainty that affects organizations in every part of the world. The true strength of a business lies in ensuing that it is well-equipped to face any unforeseen challenge that it could encounter. The environmental domain consists of elements that affect an organization (Covin & Slevin, 1989). It broadly includes five areas of focus namely: Competition, customers, resources, laws and political system and technology. The competition establishes market trends and it is imperative that an organization is aware of the upcoming trends so it can match or surpass its competitors offering. The customers affect the demand side of an organizations offering and plays a significant part in shaping the structure pod demand patterns that the company can expect. By studying the customers’ organizations also get an idea regarding their needs so that they can modify their offering to suit the demands of its target market. Resources refer to organizational assets that are limited and need to be utilized at their optimum level. It is the job of the managers to decide the best approach to utilizing their raw materials and human resources in a way that makes them efficient and not exploite d. One of the most important factors for the environmental analysis is the study of the laws and political systems of the country it operates in. Globalization has made it imperative for firms to outsource many of its function, spanning the dynamics of this factor to even the countries it outsources its components or processes from. For example, Nike made use of

The Effect of Alcohol Concentration on the Leakage of Pigment from Essay

The Effect of Alcohol Concentration on the Leakage of Pigment from Beetroot Cells - Essay Example The cell membrane is made up of phospholipids molecules and proteins. The phospholipids are present as a bilayer and that acts as the semi permeable membrane. The phospholipid bi-layer is formed because of the hydrophilic and the hydrophobic ends of the phospholipid molecule. The water loving hydrophilic head is present in the inner region of the membrane and the hydrophobic water hating tail region is present on the outer membrane region. This arrangement prevents the polar solutes from moving in and out of the membrane. This arrangement generally allows the passive diffusion of the hydrophobic molecules. The entire membrane is held intact because of the non-covalent interaction of the hydrophobic tails with a little fluidity.The betalains pigment of beet root is sequestered in the vacuole of the beet root cells. When the membrane condition is altered because of temperature variation, pH variations, the membrane becomes weak and loses its pigment content. The phospholipid bi-layer is soluble in an organic solvent. Ethanol is the most common organic s olvent. When ethanol is used for the extraction of the pigment from the beetroot, it dissolves the phosphor lipid bi layer and thus makes the membrane permeable. The betalains thus diffuses out of the membrane due to the concentration gradient. As this is a water soluble pigment, it results in the color of the solution. The intensity of the red-purple color in the solution will indicate the diffusivity level of the pigment. Hence the effect of concentration of ethanol may increase the color of the solution. This is a predictive hypothesis. The predictive hypothesis will give a tentative answer to the question that is under the investigation. (faculty.uca.edu). So the experiment was designed such that the independent variable ethanol is applied to the experimental group and it is controlled in the control group. According to our hypothesis, the control group had 0% ethanol and the experimental group had

Architecural Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Architecural Theory - Essay Example One is the external world, while the other is the hypothetical or internal world of our thoughts, imaginings, and interpretations, the world of psychology. The internal world houses our conceptions of the external, molded by notions handed down or across generations persuading or convincing; it is the realm of our rehearsals, associations, ideals, expectations, and hopes for it. This paper attempts to analyze a single architectural theory. Within the discipline of architecture, theory is a disclosure that describes the practice and production of architecture and identifies challenges to it. Theory overlaps with but differs from architectural history, which is descriptive of past work, and from criticism, a narrow activity of judgment and interpretation of specific existing works relative to the critic’s or architect’s stated standards (Johnson 9). Theory is different from these activities because it poses substitute remedies grounded on observations of the existing cond ition of the discipline, or presents new thought paradigms for approaching the issues (Ots and Alfano 17). It is tentative, anticipatory, and catalytic character makes theoretical activity different from history and criticism. Theory operates on different levels of abstraction, evaluating the architectural profession, its intentions, and its cultural relevance at large. Theory deals with architecture’s aspirations as well as its accomplishments (Johnson 11). Theory can be characterized by several attitudes towards the preservation of its subject matter: for the most part of it is prescriptive, proscriptive, affirmative, or critical. All of these differ from a natural, descriptive position. Prescriptive theory offers new or revived solutions for specific problems (Bertens 22). This theory functions by establishing new norms for practice. It, thus, promotes positive standards and sometimes even a design method. This type can be critical or affirmative of the status quo. The ton e in either instance is often polemical. Almost similar to the prescriptive theory is the proscriptive theory. However, it differs in the sense that the standards state what is to be avoided in the design. Good architecture or urbanism in proscriptive terms is defined by the absence of negative attitudes. Functional zoning is an example of proscriptive theory (Ballantyne 15). Broader than descriptive and prescriptive writing, critical theory evaluates the built world and its relationships to the society it serves. This kind of polemical writing often has an expressed political or ethical orientation and intends to stimulate change. Among many possible orientations, critical theory can be ideologically based in Marxism or feminism (Hays 36). A typical example of critical theory is an architect and theorist Kenneth Frampton’s critical regionalism, which proposes resistance to the homogenization of the visual environment through the particularities of mediated, local building tr aditions. Critical theory is speculative, questioning, and sometimes utopian (White 24). Throughout history, one can identify recurring architectural themes that demand resolution, both conceptually and physically. Physical questions are resolved tectonically, while conceptual or intellectual questions are problematized in the manner of philosophy (Ots and Alfano 31). Perennial theoretical questions include the origins and limits of architecture, the relationship of architecture to

Othello Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Othello - Essay Example ful reevaluation of the play points to the fact that the ultimate victim in this classic play by Shakespeare is not Desdemona but Brabantio – Desdemona’s father. Brabantio, a Venetian Senator, awoke one night from a commotion brought about by Iago and Roderigo as they notify him that Desdemona has absconded with the "black ram" or "Barbary horse," or Othello. The two men tells the senator that the "lascivious Moor" has taken Desdemona and she has "made a gross revolt,/ Tying her duty, beauty, wit, and fortunes/ In an extravagant and wheeling stranger/ Of here and every where (1.1.126-137)." When sense that his daughter is not in her bed, he ensues to place the culpability on his daughter and likewise blames Othello. Most critics would argue that Brabantio should have blamed himself more that anyone else (Hageman 67). On the other hand, Brabantio is deceived by the two, eloping without his consent. Brabantio’s sensibilities are injured by this act as first, he is a respected senator in Venice, and second, he is the father of a girl who ran away with a person he considered friend. Embarrassed and furious, Brabantio anxiously cries out t o Roderigo, "O unhappy girl!--/ With the Moor, sayst thou?--Who would be a father!--/ How didst thou know twas she?---O, she deceives me/ Past thought!......O treason of the blood!/ Fathers, from hence trust not your daughters minds/ By what you see them act (1.1.163-171)." Brabantio’s initial reaction demonstrates fury as he suffers betrayal from Desdemona, the daughter he adores. The words "treason of the blood" are particularly significant as they propose not only an act of unjustifiable trickery but also a profundity of fervor for his daughter – which in effect, a trickery he fails to grasp. Eventually, he illustrates Desdemonas temperament as "A maiden, never bold;/ Of spirit so still and quiet that her motion/ Blushd at herself (1.3.94-96)." Brabantio asks himself how the two are able to deceive him. Failing to

An Exposition and Evaluation of Descartes' Arguments for the Claim Essay

An Exposition and Evaluation of Descartes' Arguments for the Claim that the Mind is not Identical to the Body - Essay Example According to Descartes: â€Å"It is true that I may have (or to anticipate, that I certainly have) a body that is very closely joined to me. But nevertheless, on the one hand, I have a clear and distinct idea of myself, in so far as I am simply a thinking, non-extended thing; and on the other hand I have a distinct idea of body, in so far as this is simply an extended, non-thinking thing. And accordingly, it is certain that I am really distinct from my body, and can exist without it.† (54) From the argument above, Descartes is trying to say that he has a â€Å"clear and distinct† idea of himself and at the same time, he has a â€Å"clear and distinct† idea of body. He therefore concludes that his having a clear and distinct idea of himself serves as enough proof that the mind exists, and that his having a clear and distinct idea of body directly implies that his body exists separately from the mind, and is therefore different from it. It is also interesting to no te that his clear and distinct idea of himself is â€Å"simply a thinking, non-extended thing† and how he perceives the body is â€Å"simply an extended, non-thinking thing.† This therefore brings us to the idea that Descartes’ argument of separation of the mind from the body, or of the body from the mind, is simply based on the matter of extension and capacity to think. Descartes therefore, in making the distinction between mind and body, does not consider the other qualities of the mind except its capacity to think and its not being extended, and he also therefore does not take into consideration the other qualities of the body except its lack of capacity to think and its being extended. Therefore, by simply emphasizing the non-extendedness and thinking capacity of the mind, and by equally emphasizing the extendedness and thinking incapacity of the body, Descartes now sees the distinction between the body and the mind. There might, however, be some objections regarding this. First, Descartes may have failed to take into account that by emphasizing the distinction between the mind and the body, it does not follow that one can say that the mind is not identical to the body. The fact that one can be perceived distinctly from the other cannot therefore guarantee that one is not identical to the other. Of course, Descartes may be correct at this, but still there is a possibility that he may be perceiving only the different qualities of just â€Å"One Thing.† It therefore could be possible that this â€Å"One Thing† may simply have the attributes of thinking and non-extension at times, and those of non-thinking and extension at other times. Descartes then may have made a mistake by equating such distinct qualities as qualities of two distinct objects (body and mind), when in fact they can simply be distinct qualities of one object. Second, Descartes’ clear and distinct perception of the mind and the body cannot guarantee t hat mind and body are different from each other because it is possible that Descartes’ perception may be subjective or impaired. Descartes was only human and, human as he was, he may not have been that accurate in perceiving such a â€Å"clear and distinct† mind and a â€Å"clear and distinct† body. How sure is Descartes in the whole of the Meditations that what he is actually perceiving is the mind or the body, and how sure is he that the mind remains thinking and non-

Case study biomedical science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case study biomedical science - Essay Example Lower hemoglobin is generally observed due to reduction of RBC in blood stream. In bone morrow most of the hematopoietic cells are converted to plasma cells or the overall cellular growth diverted toward generation of plasma cell and reduction in other types of blood cells like RBC and WBC. Bone pain is another primary symptom of multiple myeloma since it occurs due to heavy infiltration of malignant plasma cell in to bone morrow. Infiltration of malignant plasma cells leads to excessive release of IL-6, IL-1 and TNF which helps in formation of osteoclast formation (responsible of bone resorption). Excessive bone resorption leads to mineralization of bone matrix and one can observe elevated level of calcium in blood stream. For the confirmation of the above said condition, total calcium was analyzed form blood stream and it was found to be very high clearly indicates the condition. To avoid any confusion regarding observed symptoms and liver related disorders, enzyme detection pertaining to liver specific test was carried out like alkaline phosphatase. Alkaline phosphatase was found to be normal. Similarly kidney specific test were carried out to detect any malfunctioning of kidney and elevated level of urea was determined along with elevated protein in serum. This obs ervation clearly indicates impaired renal functioning, another sign of multiple myeloma.Total protein estimation from blood was considered to be key test for establishment of multiple myeloma in light of above mention tests. Here total protein in blood was found to be elevated along with reduction in total albumin which indirectly tells increase in globulin protein in blood. Sixty percent of total protein found in blood is of albumin while rest is globulin and other proteins. The major function of albumin is to provide osmotic regulation and viscosity to blood and produced by liver while globulin has 4 fractions alpha1, 2, beta and gamma globulin, having key role as defense against infection. Increase in globulin and particularly gamma globulin indicates excessive plasma cell growth or infection. To confirm elevation of gamma globulin electrophoresis was used where one can differentiate different types of globulin and based on band intensity one can calculate relative abundance. Pro tein electrophoresis is routine analytical technique to differentiate and identify proteins. Its work on principle of protein migration in Poly acrylamide gel under influence of potential difference provided across the gel. Protein molecules migrate in to gel based on Molecular weight, Higher the molecular weight lower the migration (distance travel by protein form positive electrode to nagative electrode) and vice versa. The electrophoresis results clearly indicate elevation of gamma globulin and hence antibody producing cells. It was also observed that patient have recurrent infection and microbiological analysis shows infection of diplococci. In multiple myeloma recurrent infection is common as only particular group of plasma cell proliferate which reduced the diversity of antibody producing cells and hence reducing overall Immunity. For visual confirmation bone marrow smear was analyzed for investigating population of plasma cell and was found to be corroborate with previous obs ervation. There was around

International Accounting Standards Master Essay

International Accounting Standards Master - Essay Example The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) replaced the IASC which had stopped operations in April, 2001(Schioppa,2004). The new replacement board concentrated its efforts developing the International Financial Reporting Standards starting in the year 2001. Furthermore, the International Accounting Standards Board in London is a privately-funded and independent accounting standard-setter that headquartered in London, United Kingdom(Buthe,2005). They say that accounting is an art. Meaning, any accounting data can be written in whatever style the bookkeeper or accountant wants provided information is understood. In summary, the International Accounting Standards (IASs) had been issued by the IASC from 1973 to 2000. Also, the International Accounting Standards Board had been replaced by the International Accounting Standards Council in 2001. Since then, the IASB has amended some IASs, it had inclusively proposed to amend other IASs, it had proposed to replace some IASs with new International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs), and had adopted or even proposed certain new IFRSs on topics for which there was no previous IAS. With the help of their separate committees, both the IASC and the IASB had issued Interpretations of Standards. Finally, the financial statements must comply with all of the requirements of each applicable standard and each applicable interpretation to be described as complying with IFRSs. C) International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) in relation to International Accounting StandardsIn terms of interpreting the international accounting standards, the International Accounting Standards Board has replaced the IASC's Standing Interpretations Committee (SIC) with the the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC). The replacement took place in the year 2001. This committee is mandated to reviews or not. on a regular basis inside the context of current International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) and the IASB Framework, all accounting issues that will likely receive differing or unacceptable treatment in the non- appearance of authoritative guidance. Its view is to reach consensus on the appropriate accounting treatment. When developing its interpretations of financial accounting theory, the IFRIC gets feedback as it works hand in hand with similar national committees from many countries in the world. The IFRIC makes technical decisions that are taken at sessions where the public is invited to observe. The bottom line here is that the international accounting standards must be distributed and explained to all countries in the world for understandability and speed(Buthe,2005) As a result of the virorous efforts of The three accounting bodies above, the existing procedure for setting international accounting standards is now well established. Since accounting is the language of business, then international accounting standards insures that more nations understand each other when scrutinizing the balance sheet, income statement and statement of cash flows. II. Why is the development of International

African Americans in Pop Culture Essay Example for Free

African Americans in Pop Culture Essay African Americans have had an incredible lasting impression on popular culture. African American singers, artists, entrepreneurs, athletes and actors have all had their say and have really stood out within the past few years. Theyve also grown and not grown in different ways all around from music, to television, to movies. African American stereotypes still exist in all aspects of pop culture, while many are trying to get away from what audiences assume is the typical black person. African Americans have been fighting for and against their own stereotypes when they started breaking out into music, then branching out into television, and making it big in the film industry. Theyve gone from being the dumb, uneducated, and underprivileged minority of America, and have started to make themselves more known as gang bangers and thugs, which are often seen as heroes in popular culture. African Americans havent only made a name for themselves or left a footprint in only their culture, but in American culture all around. African Americans have been making their mark in music all throughout history. Many started with the jazz and bebop rebellion during the 1940s and 50s in Detroit. They made their point by trying to be different. They didnt want to follow the typical white, swing music criteria, and thats exactly what happened. Bebop wasnt so mainstream, and thats what made it their own. They preferred small, unique combos to play instead of big named stars in the music industry. Detroit was shedding light on the working class people of the town and wanted to really make a sound for them. â€Å"The 1940s created an â€Å"afro-modernism,† a response to the urbanization, industrialization, and modernization of African American Culture. † Because of their movement ahead in music, they also made their movement in business. And so emerged an incredibly successful, black capitalist enterprise, Motown Records, founded by Barry Gordy. Along with the movement in Detroit, the Harlem Renaissance had happened even before all the rage for jazz and bebop, which raised awareness to the visual arts, which led to even more developments in music. And even earlier at the beginning of the 20th century, blacks were starting to be accepted into acclaimed schools to study music and they were allowed to join the base of white people in symphony orchestras. During the 50s, doo-wop and soul music became popular. Thats when legends like Ray Charles emerged and paved the way for others. Soul music remained popular among blacks for long after the pop sounds started to wave through. By the end of the decade and moving into the 70s, blacks were starting to crossover into the typical white music trends. Psychadelic music had become popular. Jimi Hendrix, along his wah-wah pedal innovation, became one of the most popular guitarists during the era. Right after that, soul had become the popular music in the black community and was starting to revolutionize African-American music. Soul had continued success in popularity during the 70s, but the 70s also brought along a rise in black bands. White people were listening to country, disco, and all sorts of rock music, while the African-Americans had their funk, pop, soul, and jazz music that was on a totally different spectrum from their white counterparts. The 70s was also when Djs started mixing their own beats and playing their funk records the way they wanted to so they could get their audience to dance. And with the beats produced by Djs along with the poets who would read their poems to those beats, came the emergence of hip hop music. The era of hip hop music was a new revolution in African American popular culture.

Alternative marketing strategies to increase market share

Alternative marketing strategies to increase market share The aim and objective of this report is to provide recommendations on ways for Natural Way Products to increase the brands market share. Based on NWPs current market share status the most effective strategies to implement incorporate a mix of market penetration and market development strategies. It is recommended that NWP maintain their current reputation in their current market as its a vital part and one of the businesses main strengths to their ongoing business. Recommendations for implementing the market penetration and market development strategies involve focusing on customer relationship management, looking for potential alliances with businesses already in the national market, using alternative media channels and look at product promotion via their current online distribution channels while tailoring the marketing campaigns to each target segment. NWP is a small, independently owned New Zealand company currently holding an estimated 10% market share in New Zealand aiming to achieve a 15% share within the next five years, and expand sales to the South Island and Australian market. The purpose and objectives of this report is to identify different market growth strategies and advise Jacqui Thompson of Natural Way Products (NWP) recommendations in order to achieve a greater market share in the New Zealand natural skincare market. This report outlines the recommended solutions for Jacqui to implement in order to achieve the companies objectives. These recommendations focus on how NWP can strive to achieve the desired growth in market share specifically using the market penetration and market development strategies using geographic expansion methods and product promotion. It is assumed that NWP have available funds to allocate to the marketing strategies recommended. With restricted access to current customer market feedback it is assumed that the points of difference stated by Jacqui are correct and therefore hold the advantage over competitors offerings. It is also assumed that the market share estimate is correct and current and that the brand Zaras is a reputable brand. 2. DISCUSSION Natural Way Products situation analysis: 2.1 Strengths: Successful established and reputable brand name and product line Current 10% market share Current experience, knowledge and resources already in place Quality and reliable products Uses some locally grown and entirely natural herbal ingredients Offers different channels of distribution through online sales and retail outlets. 2.2 Weaknesses: Currently limited to small market segment offering slower growth potential Products made in small batches risk with the more produced the less attention given as demand increases. 2.3 Opportunities: Create additional services to competitors by enhancing current features of online system Influential media awareness focus on natural-based products Look for low cost opportunities and ones that leverage current capabilities Product variants provide opportunity of selling more to the same market Opportunity for growth in new locations and underrepresented geographic markets Marketing costs are less in this digital age and easier to implement Partnerships or alliances with other businesses 2.4 Threats: Risk of retaliation from larger competitors Impact of global economy and environment on local business Little scope for using existing expertise if trying to sell completely different products or services to different customers Effect of increased market share on actual and perceived quality Alternative strategies for growth in market share: 2.5 Market Penetration NWP could gain additional market share with its current products and current markets by encouraging customers to purchase more. They would be able to utilise current experience, knowledge and resources making growth in existing product markets more cost effective and less of a risk. NWP could further advertise their products leaning on their points of difference from competitors offerings in order to encourage more customers in their existing market to use their product, or current customers to use more of it. NWP could do this by launching special promotions and offerings (Boaz, 2006, p.212); increase sales representatives; expand to department stores; and introduce a loyalty scheme to entice customers into the market. With the forever increasing use of online marketing NWP could use customised marketing through their current client database and focus on expanding the services provided through their online ordering tools. With extra features and additional offers that create a competitive advantage such as same day delivery, free gift wrapping service or free delivery; or discounted online offers. It has been argued by Gorton (2007, p.37) that maintaining the client database using customer relationship management is also important and could be used by NWP to create custom reminder responses based on previous buying patterns and as reminders on special occasions. NWPs current reputation is one of the most important assets they have. Market penetration will be a useful strategy for NWP, while maintaining expertise and experience in a market already well known to the company they are at less risk and losing reputation and upsetting product quality and service delivery. The downside to using this strategy is that this limits market share growth to current markets offering slower growth potential as opposed to developing products in new markets. 2.6 Market Development NWP should consider domestic geographic expansion as a way to improve sales volume and share position. Changing from a regional operation to a national operation (Walker, Orville C. Jr Mullins, John W. , c2011, p.251) could be best implemented by NWP through an alliance with a business already in the market and also assist in stronger buying power from suppliers. This move does create a risk of retaliation from larger national competition as well as from current regional competitors. NWP could look at targeting non-users who would be interested in using the products through advertising and media channels or offering free samples to first time users. By marketing to potential customers and making them aware of the products NWP could invest in television, internet and magazine advertising, for example in womens health magazines, or during prime television slots in which the target market are known to be viewers. Focusing on media advertising as shown by Boaz (2006, p.209) does run the risk of being costly and ineffective if not advertised correctly. NWP already offer two channels of distribution but could look at further promotion through online sales and expanding the reach of current retail stores in which their products are sold. NWP should look to open up alternative distribution channels such as direct marketing using a sales team; introducing products into department stores under another brand name, and expanding the number of retail outlets. NWP could also target different age groups of women by tailoring the advertising campaign and packaging to appeal more to each market segment. The same expertise currently used in the company can be applied with ease to the new segment therefore reducing cost and risk. Expanding products into further market segments will be an effective strategy for NWP, using geographic expansion, their current distribution channels, and further advertising. It is also recommended (Snyder, Tom Burns, Brian, 2010, p.173) that a potential alliance with major customers or with other national like-minded businesses is likely to be successful in achieving growth in market share. 2.7 Product development With 15 years of business and products already proving to be successful NWP could introduce more products to the market under their recognised brand name Zaras. Ideally NWP would need to offer a new product not currently offered by competitors and could make this offering more attractive than competitors by providing initial discount offers for first time users and then continuing at full price once theyve obtained repeat business. NWP would benefit from using their existing customer database to find out their preferences and to gain feedback for potential new products. If using this strategy NWP would benefit from integrating current users into the innovation process by asking for new product ideas from them and pursuing the most popular of those ideas. NWP could also look at packaging existing products in new ways to appeal more to the current target market. Or try promoting the current product in department or retail stores under an alternative brand name. Unless risk management is closely monitored this could be an ineffective strategy for NWP (Leithhead, 2011, para.3). Managing the risk involved in product development could put pressure on NWP as resources would need to be reallocated to the development of the new product. Product development could be costly and unrewarding for NWP. If resources are stretched to develop new products the quality of their existing offerings could suffer. Identifying critical resource limitations, recognises Gorton (2007, p.27), is essential to avoid a negative impact on the quality of current product lines. 2.8 Diversification Diversifying the current product range could help reduce NWPs overall business risk through offering products in different customer categories. NWP already have an established brand name under the name Zaras giving an advantage should the new product or target markets be unsuccessful NWPs other product lines are unlikely to be affected. Zaras would help in leveraging new products belonging to the same brand and help the company to spread their customer base while also helping the company develop its product portfolio through introduction of complimenting products in the market (Keller, Philip Kotler, Kevin Lane, 2009, p.28). NWP could introduce a diverse pricing strategy with lower quality, cheaper to produce products; however this would be going against the core values of the company which is not advisable. The huge risk with this strategy for NWP is there is often little scope for using existing expertise as it involves selling completely different products to a completely different market. This would make NWP vulnerable to a major reaction from competitors as they attempt to enter into other markets with products that could affect competition. Diversification strategy is similar to starting an entirely new business (Holden, Philip R., Wilde, Nick, 2007, p.75) also involving high risk and is not recommended for NWPs growth strategy at this time. 3. CONCLUSIONS Attempting to increase usage among current customers is less threatening to a competitor which avoids bigger competitor responses. The downside to using market penetration is that it limits market share growth to current markets offering slower growth potential as opposed to developing products in new markets. Using market development in similar segments the company can apply current expertise with ease to the new segment therefore reducing cost and risk. Domestic geographic expansion is an effective way to improve market share. Increasing use of online marketing makes a focus on expanding the services provided through current online ordering tools a useful avenue for growth in market share. An effective way of targeting non-users is through further advertising and media channels or offering samples of the products for first time users. NWP should consider the effect of increased market share on actual and perceived quality before pursuing increased market share too many customers can strain the firms resources, hurting product value and service delivery. Unless risk management is closely monitored product development and diversification could be ineffective strategies for NWP. Introduction of a diversified pricing strategy with lower quality, cheaper to produce products is an option for different markets and potential market growth; however this would be going against the core values of the company which is not advisable. Managing the risk involved in product development could put pressure on the companys resources. 4. RECOMMENDATIONS Inform current and valued clients of continuous delivery quality and services provided to build further customer satisfaction and maintain customer loyalty. Focus on developing products in new markets. Create/amend marketing budget to determine affordability of marketing techniques for tailored campaign targeting a younger/older generation specific to appeal to each target segment. Contact potential partners and retail outlets in the South Island and Australian markets for geographic market expansion. Create/amend marketing budget to determine affordability of marketing techniques for enhancements on NWP online ordering system with extra features and additional offers. Contact media channels such as womens health magazines and other media and advertising channels. Advertise offering samples of products either in-store or by online ordering in order to target non-users within the target market. Ensure NWPs increase in product sales will not impact firms resources through reallocation and reviewing of quality product and service delivery. Employ management to maintain specific target markets. Employ risk management specialist management and implement risk management plan to monitor changes in market and customer satisfaction. Focus existing expertise on market development and market penetration strategies.

Future of Bangladeshi Print Media

Future of Bangladeshi Print Media Future of Bangladeshi Print Media: Strategy of  Survival of Two Highest circulated print Media in Bangladesh Aritra Ankan Mitra Introduction This paper tries to find out the challenges and the strategies to retain or hold the position of the most circulated print media in Bangladesh which is, known as Prothom Alo and The Daily Star after the online era became popular in Bangladesh. They are not only the print media which are facing the problem after online media came in limelight, but as they are the highest circulated in Bangladesh, if it’s possible to find out their problem, it can be assumed what are the others’ current positions in the industry. There has been a major change in the way to obtain news by people now a day. The online news sources are getting as preferred medium for news to consumers. Before people had access to Internet like modern era, they were receiving their information via printed-paper delivered daily to their homes.But this an era of digitization and like everything else, Media has two versions now- Print Media and Online/ Digital Media which works like Print Media, but much faster and immediate. Online Media include electronic, broadcast and Internet media. Today we didn’t need to buy books, newspapers, magazines and newsletters, as they can be found as a digitally published as electronic editions on the Internet. As today’s people prefer faster and latest news update of every moment instead of waiting for the next day’s printed newspaper and read every detail, they are tending more to Online News Media nowadays. A statistic is presented in Fig. 1 showing how much time during an average week do people spend on print content in the U.S. Even in Bangladesh, we see that there are tons of Online News Portals and with smart devices on hand; people are seen reading Online News instead of a printed newspaper. But for hundreds of years, Print Media has been one of the most powerful expression medium of the thoughts of mass people. The industry associated with the printing and distribution of news through portable, disposable and lightweight publi cations printed on paper and circulated as newspapers and magazines is known as Print Media. They hold contents that are informative and entertaining and of general or special interest. Newspapers or magazines are published once or daily, weekly, biweekly, monthly, bimonthly or quarterly. (Curtisu, 2011) In Bangladesh, Print Media has been making the general people learn what is going around them and playing the role of publishing their opinions and views on these topics. Fig. 1. Average time spent on print content in the U.S. in 2011 But Online Media is taking over the Print Media now. As a result there is some people who even believein the near future printed newspapers will be extinct. From Fig. 1 we see that the number of people spending no time at all on print content has increased to a shocking extend. Among the respondents, four percent stated they spent over five hours with magazine or newspaper apps during an average week. (Statista, 2011) So definitely Online Media can be considered as a competitor of Print Media. This research is conducted to find whether Online Media is becoming a threat to the Print Media, whether it will replace Print Media or Print Media will continue ruling. 1.1Rise Of Print Media and Online Media History of Print Media and written communication follows the progress of civilization which moves in response to changing cultural technologies in turn. The biggest change was printing on newsprint and use of the printing press. The earliest examples of printing include Cylinder seals and other objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Nabonidus Cylinders that refer to wedge-shaped inscriptions of King Nabonidus of Babylonia. (Wikipedia, 2002) As long ago as 25,000-30,000 years B.C. first humans painted descriptive pictures on cave walls. The narrative compositions left on the walls of Lascaux represented their own way of communicating with the spiritual world and another. The well-preserved arts and drawing depicted their deep religious beliefs, fears, and also everyday life. The pictures or pictorial types that were found in caves of Southern France and Spain represent the beginning of written communication for the human kind. The advent of a writing system coincided with the tran sition from hunter-gatherer societies to more permanent zeminder or landlord encampments when it became necessary to count ones property. In 1900 B.C. the Chinese invented their very own style of writing independently. Writings preserved on various bones were the earliest records of Chinese Writing found. Their achievement was the building stone for Japanese and Korean to create their own models in 400 B.C. The first alphabetic script appeared in Palestine at about 160 B.C., which influenced early Phoenician (113 B.C.) and Hebrew script (110 B.C.). At first stone and clay tablets were used to express thoughts. Later, in 105 B.C., Tsai Lun of China invented paper as we know it today. (Piechota, 2002) Thus world’s first ever printed media was introduced. Let us now focus on a brief history and growth of the Print Media of our subcontinent. The press, having more than300 years of history, is the oldest mass medium in the Indian subcontinent. James Augustus Hicky, an Englishman and a former employee of the British East India Company, published the first newspaper from Calcutta (West Bengal) in 1780, known as Hicky’s Bengal Gazette or the Calcutta General Advertiser and was a two-sheet English-language-weekly. The first Indian-owned newspaper was the Bengal Gazette, also an English-language weekly published by Gangadhar Bhattacharjee in 1816. By the end of the 19th century, Indians had become restless under British rule and the nationalist movement began to spread throughout the subcontinent. Nationalist political leaders, some of whom were active in journalism, formed the Indian National Congress in 1885 to spearhead the independence struggle. The Anglo-Indian press played an important role in raising hatred between Hindus and M uslims in India who had lived together for centuries through mutual cooperation. In a political about-face, the British government adopted a favorable position towards Muslims and became concerned about their ‘backwardness’. In 1947, the Indian subcontinent was divided into two states- India for Hindus and Pakistan for Muslims-when the British left the region. At the time of independence, East Pakistan had no daily newspaper and most of the newspapers were Bengali language weeklies. Meanwhile, at the time of independence from Britain, India had a strong base of newspapers. After independence from Pakistan in December 1971, the government established in Bangladesh took the ownership of the trust owned newspapers– the Morning News and the Dainik Bangla-in East Pakistan. The Bangladeshi press faced a severe blow to its growth in 1975, when the democratic government with an absolute majority in the Jaitya Sangsad (National Parliament) banned the publication of all ne wspapers except those which were taken over by government. After that, with the advent of democracy in 1990, Bangladesh saw a mushroom growth of newspapers. (Bhuiyan, 2002) Since then, Bangladeshi Print Media has continued its journey. In brief, this was the history of the Print Media in our subcontinent. Now the Print Media has come nearer to the mass people through the help of Electronic Media, i.e., Online Media. Electronic media’s chief advantage is its immediacy. In Online Media, we know news of any occurrence within moments sitting just in an Online News Portal while the Print Media awaits till the next day for publishing a highly important issue occurred on any day. When in a rush, people like to know only the gist of what is happening around and Online Portals play great roles serving this. Mostly the new or younger generations are the main contributors to the decline of the printed version of newspapers. As they were brought up with new technology all the time. This generation was already used to with lots of electronics gadegts; they were the first group targeted for electronic publishing. As we were enterd in a new age which can be called as the age of communicating digitally. With this technology at our fingertips, we can freely express our opinions and â€Å"repor t† on any topic as in the form of blogging. This can be called as the amateur reporting. Some argue that these bloggers i.e. citizen journalists will provide the Internet with more content, more information, more analysis, and a wider range of niches. It has been predicted that this new form of journalism, known as digital journalism, will give rise to a new social model based on a professional-amateur partnership. (Smith, 2014) Today only a wring in the paper, with a photo is no longer acceptable as news. It got transformed into a digital medium and adopted a lot, from the advantages of technology. Now we can also get videos and some more links of the news online. People are interacting through social networks about the news and their views about the news. Handy or portable devices like mobile-tablet pcs are allowing them to acces the news from any where any time. This is allowing us to interact with the news at closer level than ever before.On the other hand, Print Media is still preferred by numerous people of the world despite the immediateness of Online Media. As a reason it can be mention that Print Media holds an edge through its content quality, which a professional editorial staff can produce. For example, Audit Bureau of Circulation figures showed that ‘The New York Times’ boosted overall circulation by 73 percent from Monday through Friday– and 50 percent on Sunday–over March 2011, when it first launched digital subscriptions, according to Politico. (Heibutzki, 2015) In Bangladesh, we also have too many Online News Portals nowadays. While delivering the latest news immediately to people, most of them have not yet been able to replace Print Media. Some Online News Portals also publish spam or unnecessary news links unlike the Print Media which serves the purpose of peoples learning the correct and necessary information properly. Print media is easier to use and read which may be why it has not sunk out of our society completely. But, the read availability, convenience and price of digital media means that it may soon replace print media permanently. So from this point of view we can consider Online Media as an upcoming threat on Print Media though till now the Online Media is certainly a better companion of the Print Media, but not the replacement of it. 1.2Research Question What are the strategis of Prothom Alo and The Daily Star to retain their position in the industry? Does Prothom Alo and The Daily Star feels that they are a threat for online media or the vice versa? What are the prefarable news sources for readers? 1.3Research Objectives To know the challenges with which the Print Media is dealing with. To find the strategy of their survival. 1.4Rationale and Significance of Study A research on the future and strategy of print media in Bangladesh can play an important role in future for this industry. Nowadays this issue is one of the most important topics, not only in Bangladesh, but also as globally because the advancement of technology.A tablet, such as Microsoft Surface, is essentially a larger, version of a smart-phone. The popularityof these kinds of devices is continually growing up, as they are easier to carry and use. As portable device technology advance, so do the news organizations.So this research also tries to find the reasons for people’s spending less time on Print Media. A statistic in United Kingdom shows the reason for reading fewer magazines as of May 2012 (Fig. 2). Of respondents, 11 percent reported reading fewer magazines because the media landscape was too crowded. Cost, time, relevance of issues, advertisements and environment are the factors playing roles in this matter.(Statista, 2012) Fig. 2. Reasons for reading fewer magazines in the United Kingdom (UK) as of May 2012 This research tries to figure out these types of facts from the perspective of Bangladesh. Prothom Alo and The Daily Star both have e-version of their newspapers. This research will find out what is the statistics of their online and printed version readers. Finally it will show the impact of Online Media on Print Media and what are the losses and threats for Print industry and what strategythey are adopting or if there is significant shifts to hold position in the industry. What are the challenges for the authority will also be lightened by this study. References Bhuiyan, A. J. M. S. A. (2002). Mass Media, Communication, and Culture in Bangladesh in the Shadow of a Big Neighbor. Curtisu, D. A. (2011).About Print Media.Retrieved on 20 April, 2015 from the UNCP Website: http://www2.uncp.edu. Heibutzki, R. (2015). What Is the Advantage Disadvantage of Print Electronic Media? Retreived from the Chron Website:http://work.chron.com/. Piechota, I. (2002). Means of human communication though time.Retrieved from: http://myweb.cwpost.liu.edu/paievoli/finals/505Sp 03/Prj1/irene piechota.htm. Smith M. (2014).The Future of News Journalism: The Dying Newsprint Rise of Online Media. Retrieved on 21 April, 2015 from The Modern Ape Website: http://themodernape.com/.Statista (2011).Statistics and market data on Books Publishing.Retrieved from a Stistical Portal, Statista:http://www.statista.com/markets/417/topic/477/books-publishing/.Statista (2012).Reasons for declining magazine readership in the United Kingdom (UK) 2012.Retrieved from Statista:http://www.statista.com/statistics/289356/. Wikipedia (2002).Retrieved from Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/printing.