How To Use Spanish Verbs With Locations

How To Use Spanish Verbs With Locations To say something or someone is somewhere in Spanish, it is most common to use the verb estar. For example, to say that Roberta is at home, you can say simply: Roberta est en casa. However, in some situations it is also possible to use ser, the main other verb for to be, as well as verbs used primarily for location. Estar vs. Ser When Referring to Location Although both are verbs for to be, estar and ser are seldom interchangeable, and that is true especially when they are used for location. Although estar typically is used to describe where a person or thing is located, when speaking of events ser must be used. One key to remember which verb to use is to note that if the verb can be translated as to take place or to be held, ser must be used. Some examples of estar used in reference to persons or things: Tim y Catalina nunca estaban en casa. (Tim and Catalina were never at home.)El restaurante est en Espaà ±a. (The restaurant is in Spain.)Yo salgo a la 1 de clase, para la 1:20 estarà © en la playa. (I am leaving class at 1 so I will be on the beach at 1:20.)Amri y su compaà ±era ya estn en Parà ­s. (Amri and her companion are already in Paris.)El coche est en el taller por una averà ­a. (The car is in the shop to get fixed.)Seattle est en el centro econà ³mico de la regià ³n conocida como Greater Puget Sound. (Seattle is in the regional economic center known as Greater Puget Sound.) Here are some examples of events that require the use of ser: La reunià ³n es en Valencia, Espaà ±a. (The meeting is in Valencia, Spain.)El partido La reunià ³n era en un retaurante selecto de Cartagena. (The meeting was in an exclusive restaurant in Cartagena.) en la capital estadounidense. (The game will be in the American capital.)La recepcià ³n de la boda fue en el restaurante Jjome Terrace. (The wedding reception was in the Jjome Terrace restaurant.) ¿Dà ³nde es el concierto que vemos? (Where is the concert were seeing?)Es posible que el debate fuera en un restaurante selecto de Cartagena. (Its possible the discussion was in an exclusive Cartagena restaurant.) Note how each of the sample sentences could also be translated by the appropriate tense of to occur or a phrase with a similar meaning. Sometimes, the meaning or even translation of the verbs subject can change depending on the whether ser or estar is used: El examen ser en la sala de conferencia. (The test will be in the conference hall. The test here refers to an event.)El examen estar en la mesa. (The test will be on the table. The test here refers to a document.)La obra ser en el teatro. (The play will be in the theater. A play is an event.)La obra estar en el museo. (The work of art will be in the museum. A work of art is something that can be touched.) Other Verbs of Location The two other verbs most often used to specify a location or ubicar and situar, which for this purpose are typically used in the form of estar past participle. In the present tense, translation of is, is located, and is situated are all possible. Nuestro hotel est ubicado en el corazà ³n de Buenos Aires. (Our hotel is in the heart of Buenos Aires.)La morada elegante est situada en la zona cosmopolita de Ciudad Quesada. (The elegant dwelling is in the cosmopolitan zone of Ciudad Quesada.)El pueblo de Maxtunil estaba ubicado cinco leguas al norte de Mà ©rida. (The pueblo of Maxtunil was five leagues north of Mà ©rida.)Nuestro segundo local va a estar situado en la calle Fernndez. (Our second shop is going to be on Fernndez Street.) Key Takeaways The verb estar, usually translated as to be, can be used to state where people and objects are.The verb ser, also typically meaning to be, is used to indicate where events take place.The verbs ubicar and situar can also be used to specify locations.

World War II List of Battles By Year and Theater

World War II List of Battles By Year and Theater World War II: Conferences Aftermath | World War II: 101 | World War II: Leaders People The battles of the World War II were fought across the globe from the fields of Western Europe and the Russian plains to the China and the waters of the Pacific. Beginning in 1939, these battles caused massive destruction and loss of life and elevated to prominence places that had previously been unknown. As a result, names such as Stalingrad, Bastogne, Guadalcanal, and Iwo Jima became eternally entwined with images of sacrifice, bloodshed, and heroism. The most costly and far-reaching conflict in history, World War II saw an unprecedented number of engagements as the Axis and Allies sought to achieve victory. The battles of World War II are largely divided into the European Theater (Western Europe), Eastern Front, Mediterranean/North Africa Theater, and the Pacific Theater. During World War II, between 22 and 26 million men were killed in battle as each side fought for their chosen cause. World War II Battles by Year and Theater 1939 September 3-May 8, 1945 - Battle of the Atlantic - Atlantic Ocean December 13 - Battle of the River Plate - South America 1940 February 16 - Altmark Incident - European Theater May 25-June 4 - Dunkirk Evacuation - European Theater July 3 - Attack on Mers el Kebir - North Africa July-October - Battle of Britain - European Theater September 17 - Operation Sea Lion (Invasion of Britain) - Postponed - European Theater November 11/12 - Battle of Taranto - Mediterranean December 8-February 9 - Operation Compass - North Africa 1941 March 27-29 - Battle of Cape Matapan - Mediterranean April 6-30 - Battle of Greece - Mediterranean May 20-June 1 - Battle of Crete - Mediterranean May 24 - Battle of the Denmark Strait - Atlantic September 8-January 27, 1944 - Siege of Leningrad - Eastern Front October 2-January 7, 1942 - Battle of Moscow - Eastern Front December 7 - Attack on Pearl Harbor - Pacific Theater December 8-23 - Battle of Wake Island - Pacific Theater December 8-25 - Battle of Hong Kong - Pacific Theater December 10 - Sinking of Force Z - Pacific Theater 1942 January 7-April 9 - Battle of Bataan - Pacific Theater January 31-February 15 - Battle of Singapore - Pacific Theater February 27 - Battle of the Java Sea - Pacific Theater April 18 - Doolittle Raid - Pacific Theater March 31-April 10 - Indian Ocean Raid - Pacific Theater May 4-8 - Battle of the Coral Sea - Pacific Theater May 5-6 - Battle of Corregidor - Pacific Theater May 26-June 21 - Battle of Gazala - North Africa June 4-7 - Battle of Midway - Pacific Theater July 1-27 - First Battle of El Alamein - North Africa August 7-February 9, 1943 - Battle of Guadalcanal - Pacific Theater August 9-15 - Operation Pedestal - Relief of Malta - Mediterranean August 9 - Battle of Savo Island - Pacific Theater August 19 - Dieppe Raid - European Theater August 24/25 - Battle of the Eastern Solomons - Pacific Theater August 25-September 7 - Battle of Milne Bay - Pacific August 30-September 5 - Battle of Alam Halfa - North Africa July 17-February 2, 1943 - Battle of Stalingrad - Eastern Front October 11/12 - Battle of Cape Esperance - Pacific Theater October 23-November 5 - Second Battle of El Alamein - North Africa November 8-16 - Naval Battle of Casablanca - North Africa October 25-26 - Battle of Santa Cruz - Pacific Theater November 8 - Operation Torch - North Africa November 12-15 - Naval Battle of Guadalcanal - Pacific Theater November 27 - Operation Lila Scuttling of the French Fleet - Mediterranean November 30 - Battle of Tassafaronga - Pacific Theater 1943 January 29-30 - Battle of Rennell Island - Pacific Theater February 19-25 - Battle of Kasserine Pass - North Africa February 19-March 15 - Third Battle of Kharkov - Eastern Front March 2-4 - Battle of the Bismarck Sea - Pacific Theater April 18 - Operation Vengeance (Yamamoto Shot Down) - Pacific Theater April 19-May 16 - Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Eastern Front May 17 - Operation Chastise (Dambuster Raids) - European Theater July 9-August 17 - Invasion of Sicily - Mediterranean July 24-August 3 - Operation Gomorrah (Firebombing Hamburg) - European Theater August 17 - Schweinfurt-Regensburg Raid - European Theater September 3-16 - Invasion of Italy - European Theater September 26 - Operation Jaywick - Pacific Theater November 2 - Battle of Empress Augusta Bay - Pacific Theater November 20-23 - Battle of Tarawa - Pacific Theater November 20-23 - Battle of Makin - Pacific Theater December 26 - Battle of the North Cape - Atlantic Ocean 1944 January 22-June 5 - Battle of Anzio - Mediterranean January 31-February 3 - Battle of Kwajalein - Pacific Theater February 17-18 - Operation Hailstone (Attack on Truk) - Pacific Theater February 17-May 18 - Battle of Monte Cassino - European Theater March 17-23 - Battle of Eniwetok - Pacific Theater March 24/25 - The Great Escape - European Theater June 4 - Capture of U-505 - European Theater June 6 - Operation Deadstick (Pegasus Bridge) - European Theater June 6 - D-Day - Invasion of Normandy - European Theater June 6-July 20 - Battle of Caen - European Theater June 15-July 9 - Battle of Saipan - Pacific Theater June 19-20 - Battle of the Philippine Sea - Pacific Theater July 21-August 10 - Battle of Guam - Pacific Theater July 25-31 - Operation Cobra - Breakout from Normandy - European Theater August 12-21 - Battle of the Falaise Pocket  - European Theater August 15-September 14 - Operation Dragoon - Invasion of Southern France - European Theater September 15-November 27 - Battle of Peleliu - Pacific Theater September 17-25 - Operation Market-Garden - European Theater October 23-26 - Battle of Leyte Gulf December 16-January 25, 1945 - Battle of the Bulge - European Theater 1945 February 9 - HMS Venturer sinks U-864 - European Theater February 13-15 - Dresden Bombing - European Theater February 16-26 - Battle of Corregidor (1945) - Pacific Theater February 19-March 26 - Battle of Iwo Jima - Pacific Theater April 1-June 22 - Battle of Okinawa - Pacific Theater March 7-8 - Bridge at Remagen - European Theater March 24 - Operation Varsity - European Theater April 7 - Operation Ten-Go - Pacific Theater April 16-19 - Battle of the Seelow Heights - Eurpean Theater April 16-May 2 - Battle of Berlin - European Theater April 29-May 8 - Operations Manna Chowhound - European Theater    World War II: Conferences Aftermath | World War II: 101 | World War II: Leaders People

Implementing Quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Implementing Quality - Essay Example It has come to the notice of the management that sufficient headway has already been made in the quality control process and it is commendable that the quality issues have been taken seriously by all concerned. However since a quality audit by the clients AA of all the processes is due in the next four months, the process of ensuring a Total Quality Control should be given a top priority and hence this memorandum. The company should be fully equipped with its quality control measures not only to satisfy the Quality Audit by the client but also to ensure that our product meets the highest quality standards not to land the client in a disastrous situation as has been done by the previous supplier of the client. As first step to review the quality standards of the products and processes, the R& D conducted an analysis of the existing quality control measures and it is disheartening to note that several mistakes have been committed in the past by the various departments/processes of the company. Especially there were mistakes that happened in the packing, storing and shipping processes which were serious enough to make the product totally unusable in the hands of the client. Definitely we would have had serious troubles with the client even in the first shipment of our product had this study been not undertaken. Hence R&D has been advised to undertake similar studies in all the departments/processes to identify the inefficiencies/weaknesses associated with the processes. Past Mistakes and Improvements effected: To point out some of the mistakes, there were wrong labeling, spelling mistakes and incorrect expiration dates on labels; products were stored in wrong refrigerator, wrong warehouse and there were no proper records for the product locations; this led to shipping incorrect quantities to incorrect locations and products too close to expiration dates were shipped. Several quick steps like studying the staffing requirements of these processes and providing them with adequate education and training were taken immediately. In the packing process, various quality measures like random checking by the supervisor of the correctness of the labels, recording of the number of mistakes being committed by the worker to pull up the erring workers were implemented. To remove the problem of spelling mistakes in labels the company has procured a new software for printing labels and the company has organized a training programme for the executives, supervisors and staff of the various processes concerned with the labeling and packing. This training is being coordinated by Sharon from R&D. In the Storing process quality control measures like prominent display of stores and refrigerator locations, classification of warehouse locations and marking the locations on the store inward documents by the supervisor has already been implemented. In the shipping process, control measures like final inspection of the consignments before shipment for identifying the quality issues and making possible

Sweatshops & Anti Sweatshop Movement Assignment

Sweatshops & Anti Sweatshop Movement - Assignment Example This essay discusses that sweatshop workers often labor long hours for very low pay, despite of laws mandating overtime pay or a lowest amount wage. Child labor laws may be debased, or sweatshops may have dangerous materials and situations. Employees may be issued to employer mistreatment without an easy way, if any way, to protect themselves. The anti-sweatshop movement in the U.S. and other developed economies has, in recent years, effort to use consumer boycotts to eliminate sweatshop working conditions and child labor in less developed economies. Unions and college student associations have been leading the drive for sweatshop boycotts. The anti-sweatshop movement acknowledged a great deal of well-liked attention when it was found that Kathie Lee Gifford's garments company had engaged Honduran sweatshop workers to manufacture her line of clothing for Walmart. Roughly 10% of the workers engaged in this task were amid the ages of 13 and 15. A 75-hour workweek was the standard in th ese factories. When this became revealed, Kathie Lee Gifford condemned these sweatshops and affirmed that she was uninformed of the working conditions in these factories. In reaction to the anti-sweatshop movement, several organizations have been formed or have extended their roles to observe working conditions in less urbanized countries. Among the major organizations helping this function are the Workers Rights Consortium (WRC), the Fair Labor Association (FLA), Verità ©, and Social Accountability International (SAI).... Critics of sweatshops dispute that the minor gains made by employee of some of these organizations are overshadowed by the negative costs such as poor wages to augment profit margins and that the institutions pay less than the severyday expenses of their workers (Archon Fung, Dara O'Rourke, Charles F. Sabel, 2008 ). Often times, economists are inquired about sweatshops. Individuals often believe that sweatshops are ethically wrong and thus question why they exist. However, they are not ethically wrong. In fact, sweatshops are in reality one of the first optimistic signs of growth for those in developing countries (Raymond C. Miller, 2008). It is difficult to describe a low wage. Americans often gasp at the earnings for which those in developing countries are eager to work. A low wage by American standards does not essentially consider it a low wage. One must evaluate the wage by the standards in the nation in which it is being compensated In the United States; $5 per hour would be de emed an objectionable wage because it is below our minimum wage. Likewise, the citizens of the United States enjoy a privileged standard of living. Those who are measured poor still drive cars and own televisions. However, in other nations this is not the case. In developing countries, the main apprehension is often food and shelter. When the standards of living are so little, the money can go a lot further. Supporting Reasons Sweatshops are also main signs of escalation in developing nations. As more and more of these shops unlock, more and more individuals can locate work. The rivalry for labor will persist to push wages higher. This boost in employment and

Impact of Wikileaks on the Global Political and Economic Landscape Essay Example for Free

Impact of Wikileaks on the Global Political and Economic Landscape Essay Introduction WikiLeaks website has changed the profession of journalism in the United States and the media perspective with its flow in the information society. The website is a platform that helps unmask all the corruption activities going on in the government offices. Of all the media platforms WikiLeaks is the most famous for the news updates on political matters happening in the states and around the globe. Wilileaks has contributed to several media conflicts especially between the United States and other nations and that is why the government does not support its activities at all. In my essay, I am going to explore the various ways in which WikiLeaks has helped unmask several criminal and corruption activities going on in the country. Although some of its news are a bit compromising to the security and dignity of the nation the platform has given light to the people of the United States of America. Wikileaks is a non-profitable and non-commercial internet platform that was introduced in 2006 by Julia Assage. It relies on online donation for all its functioning and funding. Its main purpose is to upload documents that help expose the government and corporate institutions to the public. These documents are uploaded anonymously by using an online submission form. The importance of this platform is that it has the potential to make known the scale of brutality and violence especially in the military welfare. Political honesty is a virtue that every U S politician should exercise and with the help of Wikileaks they have no option but observe it. In other words, a journalist platform watchdog makes secrets transparent to all and especially those involving the public. Most media organization has tried to view groups like WikiLeaks in several dimensions with most of them considering its concrete actions as one of the online activism and the impacts of its actions. It is important to first note the relationship between the two groups, media and government. In most incidences the media always seems to be conflicting with the government over issues regarding the people. Platforms like WikiLeaks are great threat to the state government especially in issues of corruption and law (Shirky, 2011, p.41). Through their online activism, Anonymous and WikiLeaks groups have their power to â€Å"unmask† power structures like the corrupt police departments in the US, and all the Armison brutality activities. While WikiLeaks has gained fame as a whistle blowing site since its introduction in 2006, its reputation increased when it released the so-called Iraq and Afghanistan war document in 2010. This document contained crucial and important information about the events that took place and the people and nations responsible for the war. The United States government was not happy with the release of these documents as they posed great danger of terror attacks by either Iraq or Afghanistan. These two countries are known for their fierce terrorism activities and interfering with them would be like provoking them. The release of these documents brought about a number of questions concerning the legal implication of journalism freedom with top government officials claiming that too much freedom will lead to misuse of information or misinterpretation of some crucial and sensitive information (Springer, 2014, p.411).Actions of WikiLeaks have affected the media platform in various concrete ways. The likes of Tambini and Lynch have tried to investigate the implication of WikiLeaks work and the measures to regulate the censorship of related sites especially in the UK and US. They argue that whistle blowing organizations should be awarded protection under the law on their ability to â€Å"self-regulate† and â€Å"develop† ethical principles to govern their freedom of publication and decisions they make on their work. The platform poses a great threat to the government and politicians and there are fears that if allowed to continue with its activities it will cause a lot of harm to the U S government by exposing sensitive government secrets to the world. Other nations also feel that WikiLeaks should be restricted on some publications because some of the information it exposes might cause a lot of friction especially between nations. The advancement of WikiLeaks since its establishment up to the publication of the Iraq and Afghanistan document was marked by a degree of media fascination, which made it gain a lot of fame compared to other media platforms. This posed a great threat to the media personalities who felt that WikiLeaks was gaining fame with each passing day making their work very difficult to appeal their audience. Its turnaround moment came in 2010 and continued to 2011 when the organization produced a lot of materials and documents regarding the Iraq war, the Collateral Murder Video and the diplomatic cable. There have been several attempts by media organizations to look down on the role of cites like WikiLeaks and deny them the freedom to post confidential documents although these attempts have not succeeded because the platform is under the media authority which protects all its activities. It also describes itself as a watchdog for the people â€Å"we believe that it is not only the people of the United States who should keep their government honest but also people from other countries† and that is why other countries are also opposing Wikileaks activities. (Pozen, 2013, p.635). We can say that wikiLeaks has played a great role in ensuring that congress does not abuse the powers granted to it and its members. He makes information about organizations that abuse powers granted to them available to the public and so they are aware of what their leaders do this makes leaders very keen on what they do. Anonymous submission of analyzed documents about the various activities going on in public offices and organizations are presented on the WikiLeaks website enabling millions of viewers to have knowledge of what is happening behind the curtains of power. The difference between WikiLeaks and other sites like Wikipedia is that it engages mostly in the political struggles. The use of media has become a trend in the United States making the latter transparent and exposing those who try to abuse office powers granted to them. Today we live in a world where technology is the main aspect to shaping the lives of many people. The internet is now being used as an eye of power to tackle various aspects of crimes performed by leaders especially in third world countries (Coleman, 2014, p.406). Based on various aspects of tradition we can define power as the â€Å"disposition over the means required to influence various processes and decisions in our daily lives.† this means that the power to control several issues like political influences and distribution of resources can be distributed in a more systematic way. Democracy is the only way to ensure there is equal distribution and exercise of both political and cultural powers. Organizations like WikiLeaks exist because we live in an era where political and cultural powers are not exercised fairly as expected. Any government that exercises its powers as expected should not have any worries about organizations set to scan their activities. They should instead be supporting such groups so that they can display their good work on these sites. The United States government highly opposes such organizations like Wikileaks because they are afraid that their dirty linens will be exposed to the public. Analysis shows that the most important element of WikiLeaks is to make the Obama government practice transparency in their works and offices, establish a more transparent, and open government. The platform defines itself as a liberal project that protects the rights of the United States people especially freedom of speech because it strengthens democracy by exposing government corruption. He places his emphasis on documenting government and corporate irresponsibility and abuse of powers. This shows the general public that the corrupt government is the main problem in the world’s economy and is pulling development behind. Instead of improving the livelihood of their nations politicians are busy engaging themselves embezzling funds and resources meant to improve the development of their citizens. There has been an emerging body geared at seeking a framework to examine the works of WikiLeaks and its impact on the current situation in the U S. The widespread use of technology has made his work a success in various ways and has brought a great impact to the world’s economy. Following the publication of the Iraq documents the United States government heavily criticized WikiLeaks work. The government claimed that these documents were a great threat to the security of their country and could put the citizens at a very high risk of terror attacks by the Afghanistan government (Springer, 2014, p.411). The truth about the WikiLeaks documents is that they got the potential and ability to make visible the amount of brutality and violence especially in military horror conflicts during their activities because some use a lot of brutality on their subjects. The site is political based since most of its news come from the political arena, although many view it as a threat to ruling groups and they see it as an enemy. Instead criticizing such cites we should base our efforts in monitoring the governance offered by our political leaders. We should ask ourselves are our political leaders meeting all our demands and expectations. Do they take advantage of the powers granted to them to abuse office? In fact, we should ensure that we capture every activity they undertake so that we can be sure of what they do with our money. They should be aware that the public is watching their every move and be conscious of their actions. There has been a problem with scientists arguing that the journalism powers and freedom granted to these sites are too much and they are using them inappropriately to create biased information. Most leaders are unable to verify the facts stated in the articles because they do not have a strong background. This makes the general public doubt their potential and innocence in the accused incidents. Some of these articles have very confidential information about the government and exposing them is like displaying the secrets of a state. The scientist claims that there should be a certain limit to the freedom of publication of such documents to the internet because they may cause a great damage in future (Gibson 2013, p. 314). In my study, I have explored several things and have learnt that; journalism benefits from a disclosure of the framework in which it is built. A journalism model is bound to directly or in directly affects the model in which leaking of important documents will be exposed to the public. In my opinion, WikiLeaks models are the most effective journalism models since they abide to the entire ethic. Real life cases are always the best examples to handle and solve situations and that is why it is advisable in some situations to leave behind the easy scenarios to get the best outcome to fit in the world. Most critiques of Wikileaks have released their anger by claiming that exposing secret documents will pose great danger to Americans. For instance, if you expose concrete information about a certain terror group the group is bound to take revenge on you by conducting a terror attack on you. Some of the publishers do not look at the possibilities of posing danger to the people but stick to the fact that the public has the right to know what is happening around them regardless of the intensity of the matter. It is therefore advisable that these journalists are cautious of what they publish to the public to avoid any conflicts. I believe that journalists have the right to publish what they want and help the public know about their government on the basis that they abide by the rules put in place to govern their publications. References Curran, G, Gibson, M 2013, WikiLeaks, Anarchism and Technologies of Dissent,  Antipode,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   45, 2, pp.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   294-314, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November    2014. Springer, S, Chi, H, Crampton, J, McConnell, F, Cupples, J, Glynn, K, Warf, B, Attewell, W   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2012, Leaky   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Geopolitics: The Ruptures and Transgressions of WikiLeaks,  Geopolitics,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   17, 3, pp. 681-711,    Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2014. Youngblood Coleman, D 2014, United States: 2014 Country Review,  United States Country Review, pp.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1-981, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November   Ã‚  Ã‚   2014. Coleman, DY 2014, Afghanistan,  Afghanistan Country Review, pp. 2-406, Business Source   Ã‚   Complete,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014. Pozen, DE 2013, The Leaky Leviathan: Why The Government Condemns   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And Condones   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Unlawful Disclosures Of Information,  Harvard   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Law Review, 127, 2, pp. 512-635,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   November 2014. Shirky, C 2011, The Political Power of Social Media,  Foreign Affairs, 90, 1, pp. 28-41,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Academic Search   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014.

Politeness - a comparison between Chinese and English :: essays research papers

Table of contents 1. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2 2. Politeness – a theoretical approach  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 3. the concept of limao  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4 4. Request strategies  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4.1. Request strategies in Chinese  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4.2. Request strategies in English  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5 5. Forms of address  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5.1. Forms of address in Chinese  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5.2. Forms of address in English  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  7 6. Chinese: Politeness across social groups  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  8 7. Conclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  9 References  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  11 1. Introduction In many parts of this world, former existing borders are removed and people move closer together. It has to be admitted that most of the time this happens due to economical reasons, and the phenomenon of mass media has to be mentioned in this context as well. Therefore it becomes even more important to be able to understand cultures of different life-styles. But the success or failure of communication does not only depend on how well a language is spoken, but also on intonation and body language. Dr. Mehrabian, a prominent and successful psychologist, is perhaps best known for the investigation of the role of non-verbal communication. He published findings indicating that spoken words only account for 7% of what a listener perceives. The remaining 93% of what a listener comprehends originate from the speaker's body language and tone employed in the delivery of the words. Not only because of studies like this, non-verbal communication plays an important role when studying language in its social context. A very interesting topic in this large field is politeness, since forms of politeness are often misinterpreted and lead to misunderstandings. So I chose to have a closer look at the differences between politeness in Chinese and English. Since it is very difficult to collect data concerning politeness in the language of Chinese, this paper is theory-based only. Nevertheless, many books that cover this topic can be found. Some of the books used for the research of this paper were written by native speakers of Chinese, which is an indication for the author’s competence of the language. Therefore, collecting additional data would not only have been difficult, but also inefficient. This paper will deal with the topic of request strategies used by speakers of the People’s Republic of China and the terms of address in Chinese and English. Besides, it will focus on request strategies across societal structures and social groups. In addition, it will discuss the concept of limao, the traditional concept of politeness in China. This paper will not allow to cover all important issues concerning this topic, but it shall give a rough overview and should give the reader an incentive to have a closer look at this field of study.

Deception Point Page 31

More laughter this time. â€Å"And,† she said, glancing down at the bottom of the screen, â€Å"I had certainly not imagined I would be sitting at the President's desk†¦ much less on it!† This brought a hearty laugh and some broad smiles. Rachel felt her muscles starting to relax. Just give it to them straight. â€Å"Here's the situation.† Rachel's voice now sounded like her own. Easy and clear. â€Å"President Herney has been absent from the media spotlight this past week not because of his lack of interest in his campaign, but rather because he has been engrossed in another matter. One he felt was far more important.† Rachel paused, her eyes making contact now with her audience. â€Å"There has been a scientific discovery made in a location called the Milne Ice Shelf in the high Arctic. The President will be informing the world about it in a press conference tonight at eight o'clock. The find was made by a group of hardworking Americans who have endured a string of tough luck lately and deserve a break. I'm talking about NASA. You can be proud to know that your President, with apparent clairvoyant confidence, has made a point of standing beside NASA lately through thick and thin. Now, it appears his loyalty is going to be rewarded.† It was not until that very instant that Rachel realized how historically momentous this was. A tightness rose in her throat, and she fought it off, plowing onward. â€Å"As an intelligence officer who specializes in the analysis and verification of data, I am one of several people the President has called upon to examine the NASA data. I have examined it personally as well as conferring with several specialists-both government and civilian-men and women whose credentials are beyond reproach and whose stature is beyond political influence. It is my professional opinion that the data I am about to present to you is factual in its origins and unbiased in its presentation. Moreover, it is my personal opinion that the President, in good faith to his office and the American people, has shown admirable care and restraint in delaying an announcement I know he would have loved to have made last week.† Rachel watched the crowd before her exchanging puzzled looks. They all returned their gaze to her, and she knew she had their undivided attention. â€Å"Ladies and gentlemen, you are about to hear what I'm sure you will agree is one of the most exciting pieces of information ever revealed in this office.† 35 The aerial view currently being transmitted to the Delta Force by the microbot circling inside the habisphere looked like something that would win an avant-garde film contest-the dim lighting, the glistening extraction hole, and the well-dressed Asian lying on the ice, his camel-hair coat splayed around him like enormous wings. He was obviously trying to extract a water sample. â€Å"We've got to stop him,† said Delta-Three. Delta-One agreed. The Milne Ice Shelf held secrets his team was authorized to protect with force. â€Å"How do we stop him?† Delta-Two challenged, still gripping the joystick. â€Å"These microbots are not equipped.† Delta-One scowled. The microbot currently hovering inside the habisphere was a recon model, stripped down for longer flight. It was about as lethal as a housefly. â€Å"We should call the controller,† Delta-Three stated. Delta-One stared intently at the image of the solitary Wailee Ming, perched precariously on the rim of the extraction pit. Nobody was anywhere near him-and ice cold water had a way of muffling one's ability to scream. â€Å"Give me the controls.† â€Å"What are you doing?† the soldier on the joystick demanded. â€Å"What we were trained to do,† Delta-One snapped, taking over. â€Å"Improvise.† 36 Wailee Ming lay on his stomach beside the extraction hole, his right arm extended over the rim trying to extract a water sample. His eyes were definitely not playing tricks on him; his face, now only a yard or so from the water, could see everything perfectly. This is incredible! Straining harder, Ming maneuvered the beaker in his fingers, trying to reach down to the surface of the water. All he needed was another few inches. Unable to extend his arm any farther, Ming repositioned himself closer to the hole. He pressed the toes of his boots against the ice and firmly replanted his left hand on the rim. Again, he extended his right arm as far as he could. Almost. He shifted a little closer. Yes! The edge of the beaker broke the surface of the water. As the liquid flowed into the container, Ming stared in disbelief. Then, without warning, something utterly inexplicable occurred. Out of the darkness, like a bullet from a gun, flew a tiny speck of metal. Ming only saw it for a fraction of a second before it smashed into his right eye. The human instinct to protect one's eyes was so innately ingrained, that despite Ming's brain telling him that any sudden movements risked his balance, he recoiled. It was a jolting reaction more out of surprise than pain. Ming's left hand, closest to his face, shot up reflexively to protect the assaulted eyeball. Even as his hand was in motion, Ming knew he had made a mistake. With all of his weight leaning forward, and his only means of support suddenly gone, Wailee Ming teetered. He recovered too late. Dropping the beaker and trying to grab on to the slick ice to stop his fall, he slipped-plummeting forward into the darkened hole. The fall was only four feet, and yet as Ming hit the icy water head first he felt like his face had hit pavement at fifty miles an hour. The liquid that engulfed his face was so cold it felt like burning acid. It brought an instantaneous spike of panic. Upside down and in the darkness, Ming was momentarily disoriented, not knowing which way to turn toward the surface. His heavy camel-hair coat kept the icy blast from his body-but only for a second or two. Finally righting himself, Ming came sputtering up for air, just as the water found its way to his back and chest, engulfing his body in a lung-crushing vise of cold. â€Å"Hee†¦ lp,† he gasped, but Ming could barely pull in enough air to let out a whimper. He felt like the wind had been knocked out of him. â€Å"Heee†¦ lp!† His cries were inaudible even to himself. Ming clambered toward the side of the extraction pit and tried to pull himself out. The wall before him was vertical ice. Nothing to grab. Underwater, his boots kicked the side of the wall, searching for a foothold. Nothing. He strained upward, reaching for the rim. It was only a foot out of reach. Ming's muscles were already having trouble responding. He kicked his legs harder, trying to propel himself high enough up the wall to grab the rim. His body felt like lead, and his lungs seemed to have shrunk to nothing, as if they were being crushed by a python. His water-laden coat was getting heavier by the second, pulling him downward. Ming tried to pull it off his body, but the heavy fabric stuck. â€Å"Help†¦ me!† The fear came on in torrents now. Drowning, Ming had once read, was the most horrific death imaginable. He had never dreamed he would find himself on the verge of experiencing it. His muscles refused to cooperate with his mind, and already he was fighting just to keep his head above water. His soggy clothing pulled him downward as his numb fingers scratched the sides of the pit. His screams were only in his mind now. And then it happened. Ming went under. The sheer terror of being conscious of his own impending death was something he never imagined he would experience. And yet here he was†¦ sinking slowly down the sheer ice wall of a two-hundred-foot-deep hole in the ice. Multitudes of thoughts flashed before his eyes. Moments from his childhood. His career. He wondered if anyone would find him down here. Or would he simply sink to the bottom and freeze there†¦ entombed in the glacier for all time.

Greenwich

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is a time system originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, which later became adopted as a global time standard. It is arguably the same as Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and when this is viewed as a time zone the name Greenwich Mean Time is especially used by bodies connected with the United Kingdom, such as the BBC World Service,[1] the Royal Navy, the Met Office and others particularly in Arab countries, such as the Middle East Broadcasting Center and OSN.It is the term in common use in the United Kingdom and countries of the Commonwealth, including Australia, South Africa, Nigeria, India and Malaysia, as well as many other countries in the Old World. Before the introduction of UTC on 1 January 1972 Greenwich Mean Time (also known as Zulu time) was the same as Universal Time (UT) which is a standard astronomical concept used in many technical fields. Astronomers no longer use the term â€Å"Greenwich Mean Ti me†.In the United Kingdom, GMT is the official time only during winter; during summer British Summer Time is used. GMT is the same as Western European Time. [2] Noon Greenwich Mean Time is rarely the exact moment when the sun crosses the Greenwich meridian (and reaches its highest point in the sky at Greenwich) because of Earth's uneven speed in its elliptic orbit and its axial tilt. This event may be up to 16 minutes away from noon GMT (a discrepancy calculated by the equation of time).The fictitious mean sun is the annual average of this nonuniform motion of the true Sun, necessitating the inclusion of mean in Greenwich Mean Time. Historically the term GMT has been used with two different conventions, sometimes numbering hours starting at midnight and sometimes starting at noon. The more specific terms UT and UTC do not share this ambiguity, always referring to midnight as zero hours. Astronomers preferred the latter GMT convention in order to simplify their observational da ta so that each entire night was logged under a single calendar date

Food Procurement Essays

Food Procurement Essays Food Procurement Essay Food Procurement Essay Mang Inasal Chicken BBQ is the Philippine’s fastest turning barbecue fast nutrient concatenation. functioning poulet. porc barbecue and other Filipino favourites. was foremost established on December 12. 2003 in Iloilo City. Presently. there were 445 subdivisions countrywide and with over 10. 000 employees system broad. Mang Inasal is making its portion in relieving the unemployment load of the state. The presence of every Mang Inasal in a certain country provides non merely employment but besides opportunities to community members including providers of kalamansi. wood coal. banana leaves. veggies. bamboo sticks. and other ingredients. It besides indirectly gives income-generating activities to many. In maintaining with the mission to systematically supply its clients a great Pinoy dining experience. Mang Inasal. the Philippines’ fastest turning barbeque fast nutrient concatenation subdivisions out once more. this clip in Turbina. Calamba. Laguna adding to its more than 300 subdivisions countrywide. Marco Sison and Nonoy Zuniga graced the gap last Nov. 19. The Brothers Band provided the amusement and endorse up. First established in Iloilo City on December 12. 2003 by Edgar Injap Sia functioning grilled poulet. porc barbeque and other Filipino favourites. Mang Inasal Turbina in Calamba is a franchise owned by Ikemada Resources. Inc. . a keeping company. which aims to hold ownership of different outlets/branches in the nutrient industry. Ikemada’s pick of Turbina in Calamba as the following site for Mang Inasal is its strategic location which is between the two coach terminuss ferrying riders from Manila to the southern states of Quezon. Batangas. Bicol and Mindoro. Turbina is merely 30-minutes’ thrust from Makati. This is besides in line with Mang Inasal’s vision to be the preferable speedy service eating house of every Pinoy everyplace. : Mang Inasal enterprises to adhere to elements that bear a clearly Pinoy stamp-grilling with wood coal. rice wrapped in banana foliages. marinade concocted out of local spices and herbs. bamboo sticks for skewers. and the atmosphere that encourages kinamot ( the Ilonggo term in eating with the custodies ) whenever poulet inasal is served. All these evoke a haste of nostalgia for tradition. civilization. and most of all. place. Grilled poulet isn’t the lone menu that Mang Inasal offers. They have Sisig. Grilled Pork. Bangus. Chicken Feet. Wingss. Pecho. Liver and Baticulon. Fish and Pork Sinigang. Batchoy. Bihon. Pancit Molo. Pinoy Burger. Pinoy Mirienda. Pinoy Panamis. Pinoy Pampagana. and more. Mang Inasal’s Vision is to be the preferable speedy service eating house of every pinoy everyplace. Their mission is to systematically supply their clients a great pinoy dining experience. Aims of the Study -To find the buying and telling processs of Mang Inasal. Petron Turbina. -To place the receiving processs of Mang Inasal. Petron Turbina. -To find the storage processs of Mang Inasal. Petron Turbina. -To place the stock list processs of Mang Inasal. Petron Turbina. -To know the sanitation processs of Mang Inasal. PetronTurbina. Significance of the Study This survey of the nutrient procurance in Mang Inasal Chicken BBQ including The existent nutrient buying. receiving. hive awaying. stock list and issue processs will function as a mention to the pupils researching and analyzing approximately nutrient procurance of a nutrient constitution. This will besides function as a usher for other constitutions if they are following the right processs in nutrient procurance. This survey will assist inform the consumers if this nutrient constitution is safe to eat from. Last. the survey will assist other hereafter research workers if the traditional manner of these activities were still practiced today. Methodology Research Locale Mang Inasal chicken BBQ Corporate Office ( Head Office ) is placed 2316 Aurora Boulevard. Tramo St. . Pasay City. Mang Inasal is runing at the following countries: Bacolod. Iloilo. Roxas. Laguna. Bicutan. Metro Manila. Davao. Cagayan De Oro. Koronadal. Cavite. Cebu. Boracay. Baguio. Pangasinan. Tuguegarao. La Union. Pampanga. Bulacan. Mindoro. Agusan. Zamboanga. Ozamiz. Iligan. Surigao. General Santos. Pagadian. Batangas. Lucena. Naga City. Davao del Norte. Davao del Sur. Tagaytay. Palawan. Tacloban. Ilocos Sur and Tarlac. Mang Inasal is aiming to open 500 shops by 2012. The research workers focused on Mang Inasal Chicken BBQ located near PETRON ( Gasoline Station ) in Turbina. Calamba City. Laguna which was opened last November 19. 2011 and the gap was graced by Nonoy Zuniga and Marco Sison. This franchise subdivision is owned by Ikemada Resources Inc. . a keeping company. Research Design The descriptive method of research was used for this survey. To specify the descriptive type of research. Creswell ( 1994 ) stated that the descriptive method of research is to garner information about the present bing status. The accent is on depicting instead than on judgment or interpretation. The purpose of descriptive research is to verify formulated hypotheses that refer to the present state of affairs in order to clarify it. The descriptive attack is speedy and practical in footings of the fiscal facet. Furthermore. this method allows a flexible attack. therefore when of import new issues and inquiries arise during the continuance of the survey. farther probe may be conducted. The research worker opted to incorporate the qualitative attack in this survey due to its important advantages. The usage of qualitative informations assemblage method is advantageous as they are more unfastened to alterations and polish of research thoughts as the survey progresses ; this implies that qualitative informations assemblage tools are extremely flexible. Furthermore. no use of the research scene is necessary with this method ; instead than employ assorted research controls such as in experimental attacks. the qualitative informations assemblage methods are merely centered on understanding the happening phenomena in their of course happening provinces. Aside from these advantages. research workers use qualitative data-gathering tools as some old research workers believe that qualitative informations are peculiarly attractive as they provide rich and reasoned descriptions and accounts every bit good as unanticipated findings for new theory building. One of the noteworthy strengths of the qualitative instruments is that they evoke a more realistic feeling of the research puting which can non be obtained from statistical analysis and numerical informations utilized through quantitative agencies. These informations aggregation methods allow flexibleness in carry oning informations assemblage. research analysis and reading of collected information. In add-on. qualitative method allows the presentation of the phenomenon being investigated in a more holistic position. Research Instruments a. Interview An interview can be undertaken to roll up informations. there are two types of interviews and they include face to confront interview and telephone interview. a face to confront interview will affect aggregation of informations whereby the respondent and research decision maker sit together. a telephone interview on the other manus will affect naming the respondent and replies obtained over the phone. a face to confront interview is considered more expensive given that the research decision maker may be required to go and besides this procedure may be clip devouring. ( Fowler. 2008 ) Interview are farther subdivided into structured and unstructured interview. structured interview involves puting up a set of inquiries that will be administered while unstructured involve inquiring the respondent to lucubrate on certain issues. ( Fowler. 2008 ) B. Observation Observation is another method of roll uping informations. this method involves detecting participants and entering informations. for illustration roll uping informations on the figure of vehicles that use a certain main road will affect the observation method of roll uping informations. ( Fowler. 2008 ) c. Analyzing paperss This is secondary informations aggregation method that involves roll uping informations from published paperss illustration diaries and a book. other beginnings include on-line databases which are comparatively inexpensive methods of obtaining informations. this method is preferred given that it is less clip consuming and besides less dearly-won. This method nevertheless have a disadvantage given that it may given lift to accuracy jobs. informations truth will depend on the intent of the informations collected and that there may lift job when information may unavailable and therefore a research worker will be required to utilize primary beginnings of informations which include interview and questionnaires. ( Fowler. 2008 ) When planing the research informations aggregation methods it is of import that the research worker takes into consideration the answering attitude. informations aggregation methods such as questionnaires should be designed taking into consideration the reaction of the respondents when a certain inquiry is directed to them. besides the research inquiries should be clear and simple and should non be taking inquiries. The other factor that should be taken into consideration is the cost. when choosing the information aggregation method one should take into consideration the cost associated with that method and whether there exist ways to cut down such costs. face to confront interview sometimes may be dearly-won and clip consuming and therefore questionnaires that are comparatively inexpensive may be preferred. besides the questionnaires may be more appropriate given that they are less clip devouring given that a batch of informations can be collected at one time. for illustration a survey that involves participants from different parts and the respondent sends the questionnaires to the respondents. ( Fowler. 2008 ) Data Gathering Procedures The research workers used interview and guide inquiries to garner the needful information. ( See Appendix A ) Cardinal Informants The research workers interviewed Mr. Jayson Pizarra. the former director of Mang Inasal – Turbina. and Ms. Mary Ann Papio. the present director. The research workers have undergone two interviews with each director. The first interview was done with the former director. Mr. Pizarra. in January 2012. The 2nd interview was done with the present director. Ms. Papio last March 12. 2012 at Mang Inasal – Turbina. The research workers wished to talk with their buying agent to garner the right information because nutrient procurance is handled largely by the buying forces of a nutrient constitution ; unluckily. Mang Inasal doesn’t have buying forces. The directors and helper directors act as the buying forces and manage the nutrient procurance of their constitution.

Natives (or Black) Land Act No. 27 Law of 1913

Natives (or Black) Land Act No. 27 Law of 1913 The Natives Land Act (No. 27 of 1913), which was later known as the Bantu Land Act or Black Land Act, was one of the many laws that ensured the economic and social dominance of whites prior to Apartheid. Under the Black Land Act, which came into force 19 June 1913, black South Africans were no longer be able to own, or even rent, land outside of designated reserves. These reserves not only amounted to just 7-8% of South Africas land but were also less fertile than lands set aside for white owners. Impact of the Natives Land Act The Natives Land Act dispossessed black South Africans and prevented them from competing with white farm workers for jobs. As Sol Plaatje wrote in the opening lines of Native Life in South Africa, â€Å"Awakening on Friday morning, June 20, 1913, the South African Native found himself, not actually a slave, but a pariah in the land of his birth.† The Natives Land Act was by no means the beginning of dispossession. White South Africans had already appropriated much of the land through colonial conquest and legislation, and this would become a vital point in the post-Apartheid era. There were also several exceptions to the Act. Cape province was initially excluded from the act as a result of the existing Black franchise rights, which were enshrined in the South Africa Act, and a few black South Africans successfully petitioned for exceptions to the law. The Land Act of 1913, however, legally established the idea that black South Africans did not belong in much of South Africa, and later legislation and policies were built around this law. In 1959, these reserves were converted to Bantustans, and in 1976, four of them were actually declared independent states within South Africa, a move that stripped those born in those 4 territories of their South African citizenship. The 1913 Act, while not the first act to dispossess black South Africans, became the basis of subsequent land legislation and evictions that ensured the segregation and destitution of much of South Africas population. Repeal of the Act There were immediate efforts to repeal the Natives Land Act. A deputation traveled to London to petition the British government to intervene since South Africa was one of the Dominions in the British Empire. The British government refused to intervene, and efforts to repeal the law came to nothing until the ending of Apartheid. In 1991, the South African legislature passed the Abolition of Racially Based Land Measures, which repealed the Natives Land Act and many of the laws that followed it. In 1994, the new, post-Apartheid parliament also passed the Restitution of Native Land Act. Restitution, however, only applied to lands taken through policies explicitly designed to ensure racial segregation. It, thus, applied to lands taken under the Natives Land Act, but not the vast territories taken prior to the act during the era of conquest and colonization. Legacies of the Act In the decades since the end of Apartheid, black ownership of South African land has improved, but the effects of the 1913 act and other moments of appropriation are still evident in the landscape and map of South Africa. Resources: Braun, Lindsay Frederick. (2014) Colonial Survey and Native Landscapes in Rural South Africa, 1850 - 1913: The Politics of Divided Space in the Cape and Transvaal. Brill. Gibson, James L. (2009). Overcoming Historical Injustices: Land Reconciliation in South Africa.   Cambridge University Press. Plaatje, Sol. (1915) Native Life in South Africa.

ECRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

ECRM - Essay Example The following paragraphs will describe the scope and meaning of the terms consumer demographics and psychographics and then explains how marketing analytics is used to optimize sales campaigns for targeting the customers. Consumer demographics consist of data related to factors like the gender, age groups, marital status, income levels, cultural and social background, regional backgrounds, political or religious affiliations and educational background (Park and Srinivasa, 1994). It is understood that these factors help in shaping the customer’s preferences and likes and also shape his overall attitudes towards products or services as well as the actual consumer behavior. For example, the age group of the customer will determine what lifecycle stage he is in – if the customer is in his 30s then it is likely that he would be starting on his career and would have a household with spouse and kids. This lifestyle stage would involve the customer in purchases related to house maintenance, groceries or health or medical insurance. Similarly, a teenager would prefer to purchase music while a woman with kids would buy baby food. Demographic data therefore provides a great amount of insight into the likely preferences and needs of potential customers. It is therefore essential from the marketing point of view as it provides a basis of forecasting demands by the companies. By collecting accurate demographic data, the organizations can get a clear picture of prospective customers for their own specific products and services (Brewer, 2005). For example, an organization that manufactures ready to make processed foods would select a target demographic profi le for its potential customers as educated married couples with both spouses working and having a substantial income. This profile is chosen because it is expected that people who are married and have kids and are also working, would be hard pressed for time and would therefore prefer processed